DEEL 3 DYNAMICS OF GLOBAL
STRATEGY
Chapter 11 Entry mode dynamics 1 : Foreign
distribution
Signifcance David Arnold
Local distributors
Describes local distributor’s changing role when MNe tries to grow to foreign markets
Inital use to costs & minimize risks: their complementary capabilites substtute
need for LB FSAs to access the market
<-> Afer early market penetraton: ofen ceiling & typical MN blames the local partner
which results in an disruptive transiton period.
-> MN ’s refeex buy out distributor & build self-owned
distributon NW
Arnold suggests efective strategic planning of distributor selecton & relatonship
goivernance to aivoid/solive probs
Beachhead strategy
x ivicious cycle of bounded reliability: each side assumes the arrangement is temporary x>
inivests minimally x> eepectatons not met x> blame game
MN uses local distributor for entry to market
Local distributors obserived this & conclude: relatonship x temporary
Arnold’s research shows
Many MN s don’t giive proper directon & resources + cede control strat. Marketng
MN s too long inital entry strat with low resource commitments
(Market changes since entry x> immediate ∆ necessary
Key ivlg Arnold: recognize that the phases are predictable &MN s can plan this
Success cases
Maintain relatonships w independent local partners for distributon oiver LT, eiven afer
establishing own local NW for primary clients
Characteristcs: distributors
1. Did not distribute competng product lines from riivals
2. Shared market info with MN
3. Initated new proᰫects & collaborated w other distributors in adᰫacent markets
4. Inivested to grow business in areas as training, ICT & promoton
,7 Guidelines for MNEs managing Local Distributors
1. Pro-actively selectv locs & only tvhen suitvable distvributvors.
<-> unsolicited proposals (think about strategy, then country, then partner)
Best distributor ≠ always largest: may haive already other contacts w riivals
2. Focus on distvributvors’ marketv deivelopmentv capabilites
critcal to find best ccompany fit’ i/t/iv strat, cult & inivestpreparedness,…
<-> cmarket fit’ distrs already seriving key target custs w related products
3. Manage distvributvors as LT partvners
giive incentive to LT deivelopment (if u treat them as KT partns, they’ll do the same)
4. Proivide resources tvo supportv distvributvors for marketv-deivelopmentv purposes
more ress earlier may lead to beter relatons & higher performance with local distr.
5. Do notv delegatve marketng stvratvegy tvo distvributvors
MN s should proivide clear leadership on choice of prod s, positoning, markg budget,..
-> Distributors should adapt this strat. To local market needs
6. Secure shared access tvo distvr’s critcal marketv & fn intvelligence
willingness to share info x signal of commitment
7. Link natonal distvributvors otvhers, especially atv regional leivel (spanning >countvr s)
Linkages in form of reg HQ to coordinate distributon eforts,
or distr. councils may lead to best practces difusion in the distr NW
& monitoring mechanism, stmulatng more consistent strat through region
Chapter 12 Entry Mode Dynamics 2: Strategic Alliance
Partners
Signifcance HAMEL, Doz & Prahalad
Focus on large MN s forming alliances with foreign firms that are also riivals
x compettive collaboraton
ratonale
enormous R&D costs (+ easy access to required ress) to launch new prods.
<-> problems with compressed tmeframes: fast new products to stay ahead
Measurement
Benchmark for eivaluatng success x ∆ in compettive strength eeperienced by each partner
xwin the “learning race” (learn more from partner than partner from you)
<-> how long alliance lasted
Oiverall: Japanese MN s (& >generally Asian) firms come out ahead in strat alliances
4 reasons hy Asian MNEs in tvhe learning race:
1. Intvrinsically more receptive & illing tvo putv effortv intvo learning from alliance parts
2. Vie alliance as opportvunitvy tvo deivelop ne FSAs, not as tool to iniv costs & risks
3. Defne clear learning objectives & focus on new knowledge & obseriving partners
4. O n contvributon ofen complex, tvacitv process kno ledge <-> Western contributon
,
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper michfeys. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €3,99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.