A biochemist attempts to cleave a short peptide of known sequence into two fragments using proteinase K (a proteolytic enzyme). However when running the cleavage product on a gel, only a single peptide with no change in molecular weight is observed. What is the most likely cause of this observation...
A biochemist attempts to cleave a short peptide of known sequence into two fragments using
proteinase K (a proteolytic enzyme). However when running the cleavage product on a gel, only
a single peptide with no change in molecular weight is observed. What is the most likely cause
of this observation?
A. Incomplete cleavage of the phosphodiester backbone
B. Running the cleavage product on a gel in a reducing environment
C. Presence of multiple amino acids containing sulfur
D. Proteinase K did not adequately stabilize the cleavage product - ANS C. Enzymatic
proteolytic cleavage results in the hydrolysis of a peptide backbone (choice A is wrong) at
specific sites due to the stabilization of the transition state by the proteolytic enzyme (choice D
is wrong). While this disrupts the primary structure of a protein, disulfide bonds can remain intact
in oxidizing conditions and can result in the cleaved peptides remaining associated (choice B is
wrong and choice C is correct).
A car drives to a location with an average speed of 30 m/s and makes the return trip with an
average speed of 40 m/s. What is the magnitude of the car's average velocity for the entire trip?
A. 0 m/s
B. 5 m/s
C. 10 m/s
D. 35 m/s - ANS A
A youth who does not take responsibility for his actions but rather blames others (e.g., "it wasn't
my fault that I beat that guy up; he looked at my girlfriend funny") is committing the:
fundamental attribution error
actor/observer bias
self-serving bias
A. II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II, and III - ANS C. Item I is false: the fundamental attribution error occurs when an
individual underestimates the influence of situational factors on another's actions and tends to
attribute other people's actions to their personalities. Even though the youth in the question
, stem is blaming another for something, the fundamental attribution error does not explain why
the youth blames others for his own actions (choices B and C can be eliminated). Item II is true:
the actor/observer bias occurs when individuals attribute their own actions to situational causes,
as opposed to dispositional factors. In this instance, the youth is blaming the situation
(i.e.,someone else did something that caused him to act). Item III is true: the tendency to blame
others for one's own actions and not take responsibility for failures is known as the self-serving
bias. In this instance, the youth is not taking responsibility for his actions and is blaming
someone else (choice A can be eliminated; choice C is correct).
All of the following are involved in emotional learning, such as the fear response conditioned in
Little Albert, except the:
A. hippocampus.
B. sympathetic nervous system.
C. amygdala.
D. somatosensory cortex. - ANS D. The somatosensory cortex, located along the postcentral
gyrus of the parietal lobe, is responsible for the sensory processing of touch, and is not involved
in the formation of emotional memories (choice D is correct).
Along with differences in social activities, socioeconomics also affects health. Which of the
following is/are true of American society at present?
Lower-class individuals are at higher risk for being exposed to diseases than are upper-class
individuals.
Middle-class people are statistically as likely to die from a communicable disease as are
lower-class people.
Obesity is a greater risk factor for the upper class than for the lower class.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. II and III only - ANS A
An ideal gas contained in a piston begins with pressure P0, volume V0, and temperature T0. It
undergoes isothermal expansion to volume 2V0. It then undergoes isobaric compression back
to volume V0. Finally, its pressure is increased by an isochoric process until it returns to its
original state. Which of the following best approximates the work done by the gas on the
environment during this sequence?
A. W = 0.
B. 0 < W < P0V
C. P0V < W < P0V
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