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Samenvatting Artikelen Antropologie van de Dood

Name: Samenvatting Artikelen Antropologie van de Dood
SKU: doc_4764417
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Author: chemenerijnbout

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Universiteit Utrecht (UU)

Een complete samenvatting van alle artikelen van Antropologie van de Dood 2024 (het enige artikel wat ontbreekt is Automated Graves uit week 1)

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Geupload op 17 maart 2024
Aantal pagina's 57
Geschreven in 2023/2024
Type Samenvatting

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Door: rvwingerden22 • 10 maanden geleden

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chemenerijnbout Lid sinds 2 jaar 16 documenten verkocht

Inhoud
Week 1...................................................................................................................................................1
American Afterlives: Ghosts in the Commodity.................................................................................2
A Contribution to the Study of the Collective Representation of Death............................................4
Week 2...................................................................................................................................................8
Ritual Comes Home: Difference and Familiarity in Postcolonial Netherlands....................................8
Spectacular Death..............................................................................................................................9
Long Live Chill: exploring grief, mourning, and ritual withing African American R.I.P. T-shirt culture
.........................................................................................................................................................12
Week 3.................................................................................................................................................16
Minimalist Mortality: Decluttering as a Practice of Death Acceptance............................................16
Advertising the Ancestors: Ghanaian Funeral Banners as Image Objects........................................20
Materiality in the Graveyard............................................................................................................23
Week 4.................................................................................................................................................27
Making kangaroos grievable; making grievability non-human.........................................................27
Multispecies mourning: grieving as resistance on the West Papuan plantation frontier.................30
The wanderers: a foray into worlds written in slime........................................................................36
Week 5.................................................................................................................................................37
Governing the dead?.......................................................................................................................37
Another Necropolitics......................................................................................................................42
The afterlife of gender: sovereignty, intimacy, and Muslim funerals of transgender people in turkey
.........................................................................................................................................................44
Week 6.................................................................................................................................................48
Cryonic Suspension as Eschatological Technology in the Secular Age..............................................48
Death, Disrupted..............................................................................................................................52
Form versus Matter: Miraculous Relics and Lenin’s Scientific Body.................................................53

Week 1

,American Afterlives: Ghosts in the Commodity
Shannon Lee Dawdy

Dean's Vision at LifeGem:

- Dean's venture, LifeGem, epitomizes a fusion of technology and emotion, as it harnesses
cutting-edge processes to transform human cremation remains into synthetic diamonds.
- LifeGem's diamonds transcend their material composition, serving as potent vessels for
memories and emotions. They symbolize a tangible connection to the departed, offering
solace and continuity in the face of loss.
- Through Dean's narrative, we witness a profound exploration of mortality and legacy, as he
grapples with the existential yearning for permanence in the face of impermanence.
- They emphasize on the uniqueness of each diamond, tracked from arrival of remains to
delivery with a certificate of authenticity.
- It contrasts natural diamond formation with intentional design and emotional significance of
LifeGem diamonds.
- Reception includes some criticism but mostly positive feedback, especially from clients
valuing close relationships with the deceased.
- Testimonials highlight emotional reactions and personal significance of LifeGem diamonds as
more than mere memorials.
- Customers perceive these diamonds as a continuation of their loved one's essence, providing
comfort and a tangible connection.
- Life Gems are viewed as quasi-subjects with lasting influence on the living, embodying a
form of continued life beyond death.

Four Qualities of Commodity Relics: Ethnographic Descriptions

1. Commodities / Not Commodities:
- Production and marketing resemble commodities, but each object is authenticated as
unique.
- Referred to with names and pronouns of the deceased, blurring the line between commodity
and individual.
2. Quasi-subjects:
- Human remains make each object unique, with capacities for feelings and intentions.
- Characteristics align with the once-living subject, suggesting quasi-subject status.
3. Designed to be Social Agents:
- Objects designed for the market but intended to have active roles in recipients' lives.
- Long-lived relationality emphasized in their design and purpose.
4. More than Memories:
- Objects exceed mere memorialization, possessing a presence that extends into the future.
- Capable of triggering memories but also embodying potential for new experiences and
connections.

Redefining Death and Afterlife

,Central argument:

- Commodity relics support a materialized afterlife akin to a ghostly presence.
- Reflection on the transformative potential of these objects in reshaping understandings of
death and remembrance.

Nick and Craig's Journey with Memory Glass:

- Memory Glass emerges as a testament to the transformative power of art and craftsmanship
in the realm of mourning. Nick and Craig's journey reflects a deeply personal quest to imbue
tangible artifacts with intangible connections.
- The glass orbs crafted by Memory Glass serve as conduits for remembrance, embodying the
essence of the deceased and facilitating ongoing dialogues between the living and the
departed.
- Their narrative underscores the interplay between tradition and innovation, as they navigate
the delicate balance between commercial viability and spiritual resonance.

Dusty's Artistry at Cremation Portraits:

- Dusty's venture into cremation portraits transcends conventional notions of art, as he
embarks on a journey to capture the essence of the departed through a unique fusion of
paint and cremated remains.
- Each portrait becomes a testament to the individuality and complexity of human existence,
serving as a tangible manifestation of memory and legacy.
- Dusty's narrative is emblematic of the transformative power of creativity in the face of grief,
as he channels personal loss into a profound exploration of life, death, and the enduring
power of art.

Commodities and Quasi-Subjects:

- Marx's commodity fetishism concept suggests that commodities mask social relationships
and are imbued with value beyond their physical attributes.
- These entities created by death entrepreneurs can be seen as commodity fetishes, as they
are bought and sold but also believed to contain inherent value and being.
- Patrick Geary's work on medieval relics highlights how objects gain value through shared
beliefs and authentication processes, transitioning from persons to commodities and
sometimes back again.
- Authentication documentation emphasizes the unique individuality of each object, which
may have spiritual significance to clients.

Art and Agency:

- Alfred Gell's theory of art and agency explores the complex web of relationships between
objects and human agents.
- Gell's theory suggests that objects can have agency, influencing human behavior and
perception.
- Cremation portraits and similar objects challenge traditional notions of agency, blurring the
boundaries between the living and the dead.

Nexus Between Life and Death:

, - These entities serve as a nexus between the living subject prior to death, the deceased, their
remains, the entrepreneurs, and living loved ones.
- They represent a form of afterlife manifested through continued interaction and agency,
transcending traditional conceptions of memorialization.

Quasi-Subjects and Materialized Ghosts:

- These objects can be considered quasi-subjects, embodying the agency and vitality of the
deceased.
- Despite being deliberately designed by entrepreneurs, they possess the capacity to
transcend intentions and surprise observers.
- They represent a concrete form of afterlife, materialized ghosts with the power to influence
and act on the world.

Conclusion:

- Death entrepreneurs create commodities that serve as more than mere objects, embodying
the agency and presence of the deceased.
- These entities challenge traditional boundaries between life and death, offering new forms
of commemoration and afterlife.
- Understanding them as quasi-subjects highlights their dynamic role in mediating between
the living and the dead, blurring distinctions between materiality and spirituality.

A Contribution to the Study of the Collective
Representation of Death
Robert Hertz

Mourning Rituals

Intermediary Period:

- The period between death and final burial involves practices related to the body, soul, and
survivors.

Body: Provisional Burial:

- Among certain peoples in the Malay archipelago, including the Dayak, it's customary to
temporarily store the body before final burial.
- The body of chiefs and wealthy individuals may be kept in their own houses until the final
burial.
- Temporary burial involves placing the body in a coffin and sealing it with resin, but Dutch
colonial influence limited this practice.
- During this period, the corpse is considered vulnerable to evil spirits, necessitating protective
measures and rituals by the living.

, Soul: Temporary Stay on Earth:

- Similarly, the soul does not immediately depart for its final destination after death but lingers
on earth.
- The soul undergoes a probationary period near the body, wandering in familiar places,
before entering the land of the dead during the final funeral.
- The soul’s presence is viewed as illegitimate and potentially dangerous, leading to anxieties
and rituals by the living to mitigate its influence.

Living: Mourning:

- Survivors are subjected to mourning rituals and taboos.
- The death of an individual brings about a change in their status, making their body and
belongings taboo and impure.
- Close relatives may be confined to their homes and subjected to specific mourning practices,
with the duration varying based on kinship ties.
- Mourning may last until the final burial, with ceremonial events marking the end of
mourning and purification.

Cultural Variations in Death Practices:

- The concept of temporary burial is widespread across cultures, with various forms observed
globally.
- Practices such as embalming and cremation serve similar purposes of preserving the body or
expediting its decomposition.
- Endocannibalism, the ritual consumption of the deceased's flesh, is practiced in certain
societies to incorporate the deceased's vitality while expediting the process of decay.

Symbolism and Beliefs:

- Death is seen as a transitional phase rather than an instantaneous event, involving a gradual
process of decay and transformation.
- Beliefs about the fate of the soul, the condition of the body, and mourning practices are
interconnected, reflecting a constant theme of transition and rebirth.
- The end of mourning and the completion of the intermediary period are marked by specific
rituals or conventions, often influenced by cultural beliefs about time and numbers.

Social Implications:

- Death and mourning rituals have profound social implications, affecting kinship ties,
inheritance, and leadership succession.
- The secrecy surrounding a chief's death and the delay in proclaiming a successor illustrate
the societal disruptions caused by death and the need for transitional rituals to maintain
order.

Conclusion:

- Death is not a singular event but a complex process involving cultural practices and beliefs
that shape how individuals and societies perceive and navigate the transition from life to
death.

Custom of the Final Ceremony in Indonesian Societies

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