Report on Female/Male TEA Ratio in
India from 2014 to 2022
,Table of contents
Table of contents ..................................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Country description ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.3 Problem statement ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Research question .......................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Organization of report .................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 2: THE METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 GEM data........................................................................................................................................ 5
2.3 World Bank data............................................................................................................................. 5
2.4 Methods of analysis ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.5 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 3: THE ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Descriptive analysis GEM Female/Male TEA Ratio ........................................................................ 8
3.3 Descriptive analysis World Bank Unemployment, total .............................................................. 10
3.4 Correlation analysis GEM Female/Male TEA Ratio and World Bank Unemployment, total ....... 10
3.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 4: THE CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 11
Bibliography/references ........................................................................................................................ 13
, CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION
Entrepreneurship plays a substantial role in the economic development of any country. Women play
an essential part in entrepreneurship, even though female entrepreneurship is lower than male
entrepreneurship. However, over the years, female entrepreneurs started to take an important role in
economic development. The gap between male and female entrepreneurship rates varies among
countries due to the impact of various roles and beliefs in entrepreneurship.
1.1 Background
The reason for this research come from the need to understand gender inequities in India's
entrepreneurial environment. As an emerging economy with a wide entrepreneurial setting, India
presents an evolving economic landscape with different access to resources, cultural norms, and
support from institutions, all of which have a major effect on entrepreneurial activity (World Bank,
2023). This report was made to find out how has Female/Male TEA Ratio changed in India over the
years from 2014 to 2022. The primary source of data used for the study is secondary data collected
from sources of evidence. Country description, problem statement, research question and
organization of report will be later discussed in this chapter.
1.2 Country description
India, located in south Asia, is 7th biggest country and the most populous country in the world of
approximately 1.42 billion people (Statista, 2022). In 2023, the percentage of the female population
is 32.8 percent compared to 77.2 percent male population. India is on 40 th position on the annual
global innovation index (WIPO, 2023). However, India’s weakest areas are start – up skills and
technology absorption (Karthika & Yuvaraja, 2022). Due to traditional mindset of Indians, with
preference for stable and secured salaried job, small number of Indians are determined to choose
entrepreneurship way.
India has a strong entrepreneurship tradition. Traders, handicraftsmen, makers of pottery, handloom
and silk producers, leather, agro-focused manufacturing, artisan entrepreneurs, diamond and
precious stone businesses, and others contributed to the country’s entrepreneurial and business
traditions. (Roy, 2003)
Agriculture is the main source of revenue and income (Page, 2023). India has the second-highest area
of arable land in the entire world and is an important supplier of a variety of agricultural products
(Cagliarini, 2011). Agricultural entrepreneurship involves the practical use of entrepreneurial ideas
and creative strategies in farming. Thus, more and more entrepreneurs are choosing to start their
entrepreneurial activities in agricultural industry.
1.3 Problem statement
Entrepreneurship increases economic growth, expands access to goods and services, and raises
general standards of living. India has a strong connection between economic growth and
entrepreneurship. India has one of the rapidly growing economies of the world in FY22/23 at 7.2%.
Country's growth rate was the second highest among G20 countries, nearly doubling the average for
developing market economies (World Bank, 2023). India ranks 5th in the world by GDP (World Bank,
India from 2014 to 2022
,Table of contents
Table of contents ..................................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 3
1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Country description ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.3 Problem statement ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Research question .......................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Organization of report .................................................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER 2: THE METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2 GEM data........................................................................................................................................ 5
2.3 World Bank data............................................................................................................................. 5
2.4 Methods of analysis ....................................................................................................................... 6
2.5 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 3: THE ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Descriptive analysis GEM Female/Male TEA Ratio ........................................................................ 8
3.3 Descriptive analysis World Bank Unemployment, total .............................................................. 10
3.4 Correlation analysis GEM Female/Male TEA Ratio and World Bank Unemployment, total ....... 10
3.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 4: THE CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 11
Bibliography/references ........................................................................................................................ 13
, CHAPTER 1: THE INTRODUCTION
Entrepreneurship plays a substantial role in the economic development of any country. Women play
an essential part in entrepreneurship, even though female entrepreneurship is lower than male
entrepreneurship. However, over the years, female entrepreneurs started to take an important role in
economic development. The gap between male and female entrepreneurship rates varies among
countries due to the impact of various roles and beliefs in entrepreneurship.
1.1 Background
The reason for this research come from the need to understand gender inequities in India's
entrepreneurial environment. As an emerging economy with a wide entrepreneurial setting, India
presents an evolving economic landscape with different access to resources, cultural norms, and
support from institutions, all of which have a major effect on entrepreneurial activity (World Bank,
2023). This report was made to find out how has Female/Male TEA Ratio changed in India over the
years from 2014 to 2022. The primary source of data used for the study is secondary data collected
from sources of evidence. Country description, problem statement, research question and
organization of report will be later discussed in this chapter.
1.2 Country description
India, located in south Asia, is 7th biggest country and the most populous country in the world of
approximately 1.42 billion people (Statista, 2022). In 2023, the percentage of the female population
is 32.8 percent compared to 77.2 percent male population. India is on 40 th position on the annual
global innovation index (WIPO, 2023). However, India’s weakest areas are start – up skills and
technology absorption (Karthika & Yuvaraja, 2022). Due to traditional mindset of Indians, with
preference for stable and secured salaried job, small number of Indians are determined to choose
entrepreneurship way.
India has a strong entrepreneurship tradition. Traders, handicraftsmen, makers of pottery, handloom
and silk producers, leather, agro-focused manufacturing, artisan entrepreneurs, diamond and
precious stone businesses, and others contributed to the country’s entrepreneurial and business
traditions. (Roy, 2003)
Agriculture is the main source of revenue and income (Page, 2023). India has the second-highest area
of arable land in the entire world and is an important supplier of a variety of agricultural products
(Cagliarini, 2011). Agricultural entrepreneurship involves the practical use of entrepreneurial ideas
and creative strategies in farming. Thus, more and more entrepreneurs are choosing to start their
entrepreneurial activities in agricultural industry.
1.3 Problem statement
Entrepreneurship increases economic growth, expands access to goods and services, and raises
general standards of living. India has a strong connection between economic growth and
entrepreneurship. India has one of the rapidly growing economies of the world in FY22/23 at 7.2%.
Country's growth rate was the second highest among G20 countries, nearly doubling the average for
developing market economies (World Bank, 2023). India ranks 5th in the world by GDP (World Bank,
