ARRT Radiography Exam 2024 Version New Latest Test Bank with all Questions from Actual Past Exam and 100% C orrect Answers Effects that occur by chance and which may occur without a threshold level of dose, whose probability is proportional to the dose and whose severity is independent of the dose: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Stochastic Effects Effects that have a threshold below which the effect does not occur. The threshold may be very low and may vary from person to person. However, once the threshold has been exceeded, the severity of an effect increases with dose: ---------- Correct Answer --
--------- Deterministic Effects What are the three basic components of a DR imaging system? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) Capture Element 2) Coupling Element 3) Collection Element What is a capture element? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- The location where the x -
ray is captured. ________ is somatic cell division that comprises of four phases. When division is complete, each new cell contains 46 chromosomes. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Mitosis What are the four phases of mitosis? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) Prophase 2) Metaphase 3) Anaphase 4) Telophase ________ is germ (sperm or ovum) cell division that halves the number of chromosomes in each cell so that the union of two germ cells produces a new cell with 46 chromosomes. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Meiosis This occurs when radiation transfers its energy directly to the DNA or RNA. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Direct Effect Because a cell contains mostly water, the probability that it will be struck by radiation is greater. This interaction is known as the ________ effect. ---------- Correct Answer -------
---- Indirect ________ of water occurs as radiation energy is deposited into the water of a cell. -------
--- Correct Answer ----------- Radiolysis Cells are most sensitive to radiation when they are immature, undifferentiated, and rapidly dividing. This describes: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- The law of Bergonie and Tribondeau. If cells are more oxygenated, they are more susceptible to radiation damage. This describes: ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Oxygen Enhancement Ratio (OER) A whole -body dose of ________ will depress the blood count. ---------- Correct Answer --
--------- 0.25 Gy Somatic effects are evident in the ________ being exposed. ---------- Correct Answer ----
------- Organism Doses causing somatic effects are much ________ than those received in general diagnostic radiography. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Higher What are some examples of early somatic effects (acute radiation syndrome)? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) Hematopoietic Syndrome 2) GI Syndrome 3) Central Nervous System Syndrome What is hematopoietic syndrome? ---------- Corre ct Answer ----------- It decreases the total number of all blood cells, and can lead to death. What is GI syndrome? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- It causes total disruption of GI tract structure, and function, and can result in death. What is central nervous system syndrome? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- It causes complete failure of the nervous system and results in death. What are some examples of late somatic effects? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) Carcinogenesis 2) Cataractogenesis 3) Embryologic Effects 4) Thyroid Function 5) Shortening of Life Span What is carcinogenesis? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- It causes cancer. What is cataractogenesis? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- It causes cataracts to form, following a nonlinear -threshold dose -response curve. When are embryologic effects most sensitive? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- During the first trimester of gestation. What are late somatic effects of the thyroid? ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Being a very sensitive organ, late somatic effects may manifest as cancer or cessation of function. Shortening of lifespan ________ occur in modern radiation workers. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Does Not A genetic effect is damage to the ________ molecule, which is then passed on to the next generation. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- DNA Genetic effects follow a ________ dose -response curve. ---------- Correct Answer --------
--- Linear -Nonthreshold There is no such thing as a safe ________ dose. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Gonadal Any exposure amount to the gonads can represent a ________ threat. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Genetic The amount of radiation that causes the number of mutations in a population to double is the ________. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Doubling Dose The doubling dose for humans is approximately ________. ---------- Correct Answer -----
------ 1.56 Sv Gonadal shielding may reduce female gonad dose by up to ________%. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 50 Gonadal shielding may reduce male gonad dose by up to ________%. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 95 Gonadal shielding is required when the gonads are within the primary beam, or within ________ cm of the primary beam. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 5 The minimum source -to-skin distance for portable radiography equipment is ________ inches. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 12 Source -to-tabletop distance for fixed fluoroscopes may not be less than ________ inches. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 15 Source -to-tabletop distance for portable fluoroscopes may not be less than ________ inches. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 12 Fluoroscopy timers must sound an alarm after ________ minutes (________ seconds) of beam -on time. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) 5 2) 300 Fluoroscopy exposure switches must be of the ________ type. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Dead -Man Limit dose during fluoroscopy at the tabletop may be no more than ________ mGyᵃ per minute. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 100 Limit use of high -level-control fluoroscopy during interventional procedures must be no more than ________ mGyᵃ per minute. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 200 The total of air kerma striking the surface of the patient is known as ________. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Dose Area Product (DAP) Dose area product (DAP) is expressed as ________. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- mGy -cm² The average dose to active bone marrow is the _________. ---------- Correct Answer ----
------- Mean Marrow Dose Radiation dose that, if received by the entire population, would cause the same genetic injury as the total of doses received by the persons actually being exposed (the average gonadal dose to the childbearing -age population) is known as: ---------- Correc t Answer -
---------- Genetically -Significant Dose (GSD) Primary protective barriers must be ________ lead equivalent. ---------- Correct Answer -
---------- 1/16-Inch Primary barriers must be located where the ________ may strike the wall or the floor. ---
------- Correct Answer ----------- Primary Beam If in the wall, primary barriers must extend to a height of ________ feet. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 7 Secondary protective barriers must be ________ lead equivalent. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1/32-Inch Secondary barriers must extend from where the primary protective barrier ends, and extend to the ________. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- Ceiling Primary and secondary protective barriers must overlap by at least ________. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1/2-Inch Secondary protective barriers must be located wherever ________ or ________ radiation may strike. ---------- Correct Answer ----------- 1) Leakage 2) Scatter
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