Test Bank NeuroscienceChapter 6 by Laurie Lundy-Ekman
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NeuroscienceChapter 6 By Laurie Lundy
Test Bank NeuroscienceChapter 6
by Laurie Lundy-Ekman
What is an example of Calcium ion acting as a second messenger? - -
answer-IP3 causing organelles to discharge their calcium stores
- increase in cytosolic calcium can trigger widespread and long lasting
effects
- one of these effects c...
Test Bank NeuroscienceChapter 6
by Laurie Lundy-Ekman
What is an example of Calcium ion acting as a second messenger? - -
answer-IP3 causing organelles to discharge their calcium stores
- increase in cytosolic calcium can trigger widespread and long lasting
effects
- one of these effects could be activation of CaMK ( calcium-calmodulin-
dependent protein kinase)
-CaMK is important in the molecular mechanisms of memory
What occurs when G protein activates phospholipases C? - -answer-- PLC
acts on the membrane phospholipid PIP2 by splitting it into two
-PIP2 becomes DAG and IP3
- DAG stays on one plane and activates downstream enzyme protein
kinase C (PKC)
- IP3 diffuses away from the membrane and causes organelles to
discharge their calcium stores
What is the antagonist for AMPA glutamate receptors? - -answer-CNQX
What is the antagonist for NMDA glutamate receptors? - -answer-AP5
What is the difference between NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors? - -
answer-slight differences in the protein that makes up the recptor
Diverging neurotransmitter effects are represented by - -answer-the
multitude of consequences a single neurotransmitter may have because it
affects many different receptor subtypes in postsynaptic neurons
-This effect may occur in a single neuron that possesses G-protein-
coupled receptors with two or more intracellular functions or, potentially,
single neurons that elaborate different types of receptors in different
parts of the neuron
, List the criteria that are used to determine whether a chemical serves as
a neurotransmitter. - -answer-1) The molecule must be synthesized and
stored in the presynaptic neuron
2) The molecule must be released by the presynaptic axon terminal upon
stimulation
3) The molecule, when experimentally applied, must produce a response
in the postsynaptic cell that mimics the response produced by the release
of the neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron
What are the various experimental strategies you could use to show that
ACh fulfills the criteria of a neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular
junction? - -answer-Immunohistochemistry shows where specific
molecules are localized,
in situ hybridization shows where specific mRNA transcripts for specific
proteins are located
What are three methods that could be used to show that a
neurotransmitter receptor is synthesized or localized in a particular
neuron? - -answer-Neuropharmacological analysis of i) synaptic
transmission, ii) ligand-binding methods, and iii) molecular analysis of
receptor proteins
Neuroppharmological analysis studies - -answer-the actions of different
drugs
Ligand binding methods can be used to - -answer-identify the location of
receptors by labeling ligands that bind to them
- agonists, antagonists, or chemical neurotransmitters could be used
Molecular analysis studies - -answer-the protein molecules and the
subunits that for the neurotransmitter receptors
- can also be used to exaamine genes that code for these proteins
Compare and contrast the properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors - -
answer-AMPA and NMDA are glutamate receptor subtypes; both are
activated by glutamate, but the drug AMPA acts only on the AMPA receptor
and the drug NMDA acts only on the NMDA receptor
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