Silke Braams 1
S4817184
Neuroanatomie II
BWB216
Dr. L. J. Mouton
Silke Braams
S4817184
, Silke Braams 2
S4817184
Inhoud
College 1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................5
Motorneuronen.....................................................................................................................................................5
Motorische kernen ...............................................................................................................................................5
Sensorische neuronen ..........................................................................................................................................6
Interneuronen .......................................................................................................................................................6
Commisuren .........................................................................................................................................................6
Functiemogelijkheden bij interneuronen .............................................................................................................7
College 2a. Perifeer zenuwstelsel ...........................................................................................................................8
Innervatie aangezicht ...........................................................................................................................................8
Innervatie achterhoofd/nek/hals ...........................................................................................................................8
Wortels en zenuwen .............................................................................................................................................8
Innervatie arm en hand ........................................................................................................................................8
Het carpale tunnelsyndroom ..............................................................................................................................11
Het telefoonbotje................................................................................................................................................11
Dermatomen.......................................................................................................................................................12
Innervatie romp ..................................................................................................................................................12
Innervatie been ...................................................................................................................................................13
College 2b. Centraal zenuwstelsel: ruggenmerg ................................................................................................14
Laminae van Rexed ...........................................................................................................................................14
College 3. Sensorisch systeem: tast .....................................................................................................................15
Dorsale kolom mediale lemniscus baan (Martin 4-2 B) ....................................................................................15
De granulaire cortex (Martin 2-19) ....................................................................................................................16
Trigeminus-mediale lemniscus baan (Martin 6-8).............................................................................................17
Voorbeeld 1 plasticiteit tussen functionele corticale gebieden ..........................................................................18
Voorbeeld 2 plasticiteit tussen functionele corticale gebieden ..........................................................................18
College 4. Sensorisch systeem: noxe (pijn), temperatuur en jeuk ....................................................................19
Spinothalamische baan (Martin 5-2)..................................................................................................................19
Verschil C vezel en A-δ vezel ...........................................................................................................................19
Lissauers tract !!! ....................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
Trigeminothalamische baan (Martin 6-8 B) ......................................................................................................20
Paleo-spino-trigemino thalamische baan ...........................................................................................................20
Neo-spino-trigemino-thalamische baan .............................................................................................................20
Spino-reticulaire baan (Martin 5-2 B) ...............................................................................................................21
Spino-mesencephale baan (Martin 5-2 A) .........................................................................................................21
Voorbeeld 3 “Doorgaan ondanks pijn” (Martin 5-8) .........................................................................................21
Voorbeeld 4 Runner’s High ...............................................................................................................................21
, Silke Braams 3
S4817184
Invloed van tast op pijndoorgave (Martin 5-3) ..................................................................................................22
College 5a. Viscerosensibiliteit ............................................................................................................................23
Gnostische (bulbaire) viscerale perceptie (Martin 6-9) .....................................................................................23
Vitale (spinale) viscerale perceptie ....................................................................................................................24
College 5b. Somatomotorisch systeem: motorneuronen en interneuronen .....................................................25
Somatische motorneuronen................................................................................................................................25
Retrograad tracing..............................................................................................................................................25
De ventrale hoorn van Rexed.............................................................................................................................26
Motorunit ...........................................................................................................................................................26
Rostrocaudale, dorsoventrale en mediolaterale organisatie (Martin 10-17 A/B) ..............................................27
Terminologie ligging motorneuronen ................................................................................................................27
Premotor interneuronen .....................................................................................................................................28
Verschil segmentaal, propriospinale en commisurale premotor interneuronen (Martin 10-16 A) ....................28
College 6. Somatomotorisch systeem: afdalende banen vanuit hersenstam ...................................................29
Tectospinale baan (Martin 10-5 B) ....................................................................................................................29
Laterale vestibulospinale baan (Martin 12-3 B) ................................................................................................30
Mediale vestibulospinale baan (Martin 12-3 B) ................................................................................................30
Afdalende pontiene en medullaire reticulospinale baan (Martin 10-5 B)..........................................................30
Rubrospinale baan (Martin 10-4 B) ...................................................................................................................31
College 7. Somatomotorisch systeem: afdalende banen vanuit motor cortex .................................................32
Voorbeeld 5........................................................................................................................................................32
premotor gebied: Broca’s area ...........................................................................................................................32
Corticobulbaire baan (Martin 11-5) ...................................................................................................................33
Laterale corticospinale baan (Martin 10-4 A)....................................................................................................33
Mediale (ventrale) corticospinale baan (Martin 10-5 A) ...................................................................................34
College 8. Cerebellum...........................................................................................................................................35
De drie stelen van het cerebellum ......................................................................................................................36
Lobi van het cerebellum ....................................................................................................................................36
Diep cerebellaire kernen ....................................................................................................................................38
Bijzondere vezels en cellen in het cerebellum ...................................................................................................38
Purkinjecel ....................................................................................................................................................38
Korrelcel of granule cel.................................................................................................................................38
Vestibulocerebellum ..........................................................................................................................................39
College 9a. Spino -en cerebrocerebellum ...........................................................................................................40
Cerebellair syndroom .........................................................................................................................................40
Het spinocerebellum ..........................................................................................................................................40
Het verloop van proprioceptieve informatie van periferie naar cerebellum (Martin 13-6 A) ...........................41
Afluistercellen (Martin 13-6 B) .........................................................................................................................41
, Silke Braams 4
S4817184
Het cerebrocerebellum .......................................................................................................................................42
College 9b. Basale ganglia kernen .......................................................................................................................43
Voorbeeld 6 Parkinson en basale ganglia ..........................................................................................................43
College 10 Basale ganglia circuits .......................................................................................................................45
Hemiballisme .....................................................................................................................................................47
Ziekte van Huntington .......................................................................................................................................47
De VTA en nucleus accumbens (NA): verslaving.............................................................................................47
College 11. Limbisch systeem ..............................................................................................................................48
De gyrus cinguli .................................................................................................................................................48
Voorbeeld 7 Elektrische stimulatie bij de gyrus cinguli ....................................................................................49
Orbitofrontale cortex..........................................................................................................................................49
Voorbeeld 8 Ongeluk van spoorwegwerker ......................................................................................................50
Polus temporalis .................................................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 9 Fronto-temporale dementie (FTD) ................................................................................................50
Ento-rhinale en peri-rhinale cortex ....................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 10 Onwenselijke, persoonlijke eigenschappen in potentiële partners..............................................50
Hippocampale formatie......................................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 11 Radical brain surgery patiënt H.M. .............................................................................................51
Voorbeeld 12 Het effect van alcohol op neurogenese .......................................................................................52
De amygdala ......................................................................................................................................................52
College 12. Limbisch systeem en motorisch gedrag ..........................................................................................53
Neuronale/hormonale controle ..........................................................................................................................53
Diffuse projecties ...............................................................................................................................................53
Dopamine ......................................................................................................................................................54
Noradrenaline ................................................................................................................................................54
Acetylcholine ................................................................................................................................................55
Seretonine......................................................................................................................................................55
Specifieke projecties (Martin 11-6 A) ...............................................................................................................55
Voorbeeld 13 CVA: centrale faciale parese (Martin 11-6 B) ............................................................................56
Voorbeeld 14 Bell’s palsy..................................................................................................................................56
S4817184
Neuroanatomie II
BWB216
Dr. L. J. Mouton
Silke Braams
S4817184
, Silke Braams 2
S4817184
Inhoud
College 1. Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................5
Motorneuronen.....................................................................................................................................................5
Motorische kernen ...............................................................................................................................................5
Sensorische neuronen ..........................................................................................................................................6
Interneuronen .......................................................................................................................................................6
Commisuren .........................................................................................................................................................6
Functiemogelijkheden bij interneuronen .............................................................................................................7
College 2a. Perifeer zenuwstelsel ...........................................................................................................................8
Innervatie aangezicht ...........................................................................................................................................8
Innervatie achterhoofd/nek/hals ...........................................................................................................................8
Wortels en zenuwen .............................................................................................................................................8
Innervatie arm en hand ........................................................................................................................................8
Het carpale tunnelsyndroom ..............................................................................................................................11
Het telefoonbotje................................................................................................................................................11
Dermatomen.......................................................................................................................................................12
Innervatie romp ..................................................................................................................................................12
Innervatie been ...................................................................................................................................................13
College 2b. Centraal zenuwstelsel: ruggenmerg ................................................................................................14
Laminae van Rexed ...........................................................................................................................................14
College 3. Sensorisch systeem: tast .....................................................................................................................15
Dorsale kolom mediale lemniscus baan (Martin 4-2 B) ....................................................................................15
De granulaire cortex (Martin 2-19) ....................................................................................................................16
Trigeminus-mediale lemniscus baan (Martin 6-8).............................................................................................17
Voorbeeld 1 plasticiteit tussen functionele corticale gebieden ..........................................................................18
Voorbeeld 2 plasticiteit tussen functionele corticale gebieden ..........................................................................18
College 4. Sensorisch systeem: noxe (pijn), temperatuur en jeuk ....................................................................19
Spinothalamische baan (Martin 5-2)..................................................................................................................19
Verschil C vezel en A-δ vezel ...........................................................................................................................19
Lissauers tract !!! ....................................................................................... Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd.
Trigeminothalamische baan (Martin 6-8 B) ......................................................................................................20
Paleo-spino-trigemino thalamische baan ...........................................................................................................20
Neo-spino-trigemino-thalamische baan .............................................................................................................20
Spino-reticulaire baan (Martin 5-2 B) ...............................................................................................................21
Spino-mesencephale baan (Martin 5-2 A) .........................................................................................................21
Voorbeeld 3 “Doorgaan ondanks pijn” (Martin 5-8) .........................................................................................21
Voorbeeld 4 Runner’s High ...............................................................................................................................21
, Silke Braams 3
S4817184
Invloed van tast op pijndoorgave (Martin 5-3) ..................................................................................................22
College 5a. Viscerosensibiliteit ............................................................................................................................23
Gnostische (bulbaire) viscerale perceptie (Martin 6-9) .....................................................................................23
Vitale (spinale) viscerale perceptie ....................................................................................................................24
College 5b. Somatomotorisch systeem: motorneuronen en interneuronen .....................................................25
Somatische motorneuronen................................................................................................................................25
Retrograad tracing..............................................................................................................................................25
De ventrale hoorn van Rexed.............................................................................................................................26
Motorunit ...........................................................................................................................................................26
Rostrocaudale, dorsoventrale en mediolaterale organisatie (Martin 10-17 A/B) ..............................................27
Terminologie ligging motorneuronen ................................................................................................................27
Premotor interneuronen .....................................................................................................................................28
Verschil segmentaal, propriospinale en commisurale premotor interneuronen (Martin 10-16 A) ....................28
College 6. Somatomotorisch systeem: afdalende banen vanuit hersenstam ...................................................29
Tectospinale baan (Martin 10-5 B) ....................................................................................................................29
Laterale vestibulospinale baan (Martin 12-3 B) ................................................................................................30
Mediale vestibulospinale baan (Martin 12-3 B) ................................................................................................30
Afdalende pontiene en medullaire reticulospinale baan (Martin 10-5 B)..........................................................30
Rubrospinale baan (Martin 10-4 B) ...................................................................................................................31
College 7. Somatomotorisch systeem: afdalende banen vanuit motor cortex .................................................32
Voorbeeld 5........................................................................................................................................................32
premotor gebied: Broca’s area ...........................................................................................................................32
Corticobulbaire baan (Martin 11-5) ...................................................................................................................33
Laterale corticospinale baan (Martin 10-4 A)....................................................................................................33
Mediale (ventrale) corticospinale baan (Martin 10-5 A) ...................................................................................34
College 8. Cerebellum...........................................................................................................................................35
De drie stelen van het cerebellum ......................................................................................................................36
Lobi van het cerebellum ....................................................................................................................................36
Diep cerebellaire kernen ....................................................................................................................................38
Bijzondere vezels en cellen in het cerebellum ...................................................................................................38
Purkinjecel ....................................................................................................................................................38
Korrelcel of granule cel.................................................................................................................................38
Vestibulocerebellum ..........................................................................................................................................39
College 9a. Spino -en cerebrocerebellum ...........................................................................................................40
Cerebellair syndroom .........................................................................................................................................40
Het spinocerebellum ..........................................................................................................................................40
Het verloop van proprioceptieve informatie van periferie naar cerebellum (Martin 13-6 A) ...........................41
Afluistercellen (Martin 13-6 B) .........................................................................................................................41
, Silke Braams 4
S4817184
Het cerebrocerebellum .......................................................................................................................................42
College 9b. Basale ganglia kernen .......................................................................................................................43
Voorbeeld 6 Parkinson en basale ganglia ..........................................................................................................43
College 10 Basale ganglia circuits .......................................................................................................................45
Hemiballisme .....................................................................................................................................................47
Ziekte van Huntington .......................................................................................................................................47
De VTA en nucleus accumbens (NA): verslaving.............................................................................................47
College 11. Limbisch systeem ..............................................................................................................................48
De gyrus cinguli .................................................................................................................................................48
Voorbeeld 7 Elektrische stimulatie bij de gyrus cinguli ....................................................................................49
Orbitofrontale cortex..........................................................................................................................................49
Voorbeeld 8 Ongeluk van spoorwegwerker ......................................................................................................50
Polus temporalis .................................................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 9 Fronto-temporale dementie (FTD) ................................................................................................50
Ento-rhinale en peri-rhinale cortex ....................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 10 Onwenselijke, persoonlijke eigenschappen in potentiële partners..............................................50
Hippocampale formatie......................................................................................................................................50
Voorbeeld 11 Radical brain surgery patiënt H.M. .............................................................................................51
Voorbeeld 12 Het effect van alcohol op neurogenese .......................................................................................52
De amygdala ......................................................................................................................................................52
College 12. Limbisch systeem en motorisch gedrag ..........................................................................................53
Neuronale/hormonale controle ..........................................................................................................................53
Diffuse projecties ...............................................................................................................................................53
Dopamine ......................................................................................................................................................54
Noradrenaline ................................................................................................................................................54
Acetylcholine ................................................................................................................................................55
Seretonine......................................................................................................................................................55
Specifieke projecties (Martin 11-6 A) ...............................................................................................................55
Voorbeeld 13 CVA: centrale faciale parese (Martin 11-6 B) ............................................................................56
Voorbeeld 14 Bell’s palsy..................................................................................................................................56
