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Chapter 7 Critical and Diagnostic Thinking for Better Clinical Judgment
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Chapter 7 Critical and Diagnostic Thinking for Better Clinical Judgment
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Chapter 07: Critical and Diagnostic Thinking for Better Clinical JudgmentClaywell: LPN to RN Transitions
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is listening to a lecture on critical thinking. Which statement indicates that teaching
has been effective?
a. “Critical thinking involves making inferences, solving problems, arriving at
decisions.”
b. “Critical thinking involves persuading others, inducing debate, using intuition.”
c. “Critical thinking involves making inferences, reducing fractions, making
decisions.”
d. “Critical thinking involves solving problems, elevating issues, reflecting actions.”
ANS: A
Although critical thinking may play a part in many processes, the primary uses are to make
inferences, solve problems, and arrive at decisions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation OBJ: Define critical thinking.
TOP: Critical Thinking MSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process
2. The nursing is listening to a lecture on reasoned thought. Which statement indicates that
teaching has been effective?
a. “Reasoned thought is reflection.”
b. “Reasoned thought is emotion.”
c. “Reasoned thought is parity.”
N
d. “Reasoned thought is contrast.”
ANS: B
Reasoned thought is discriminating and prudent and does not allow emotion, feelings, or
prejudices to skew decisions. Individuals who practice reasoned thought recognize when
negative factors may be interfering with their ability to think clearly.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation
OBJ: Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking. TOP: Reasoning
MSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process
3. Using clinical judgment, the nurse makes decisions on whether to proceed with or revise a
course of action. When providing this education to a nursing student, which statement
indicates that the teaching has been effective?
a. “The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound
clinical judgment is reflective thinking.”
b. “The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound
clinical judgment is persuasive thinking.”
c. “The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound
clinical judgment is critical thinking.”
d. “The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound
clinical judgment is intuitive thinking.”
ANS: C
, Through clinical judgment, the nurse makes decisions on whether to proceed with or revise a
course of action. The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound
clinical judgment is critical thinking.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation
OBJ: Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking.
TOP: Reasoning: Clinical Judgment MSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process
4. The nurse is listening to a lecture on critical thought. Which statement indicates that the
teaching has been effective?
a. “Critical thought is a disciplined, rational, and self-directed activity that uses
standards and criteria.”
b. “Critical thought is an intuitive process that relies only on the nurse’s experience.”
c. “Critical thought is a persuasive process leading to sound decisions.”
d. “Critical thought is a reactive process after an intervention is completed.”
ANS: A
Critical thought is a disciplined, rational, and self-directed activity that uses standards and
criteria. Critical thought assists the nurse in making more effective clinical decisions. The
nurse who engages in critical thought will meet more of the patient’s needs and effect positive
patient outcomes.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation
OBJ: Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking. TOP: Reasoning: Critical Thought
MSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process
5. A patient has a problem that prevents him from shaving himself, tying his shoes, or fixing his
meals. He is not physically ableNto compensate for the problem, so he is in need of assistance.
Data support the nursing diagnosis “impaired physical mobility” by what mode of reasoning?
a. Induction
b. Deduction
c. Reduction
d. Reflection
ANS: B
Taking general assessment data, drawing conclusions, identifying problems or needs, and
formulating a plan of care are components of a deductive reasoning process. The nursing
process is an example of deductive reasoning because it involves taking data and deducing a
plan of care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis OBJ: Compare inductive and deductive reasoning.
TOP: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning MSC: NCLEX: Nursing Process
6. An RN has been working with a patient on the nursing unit for a 12-hour shift. The nurse
recognizes that each time the patient is turned to the left, the blood pressure drops 15 mm Hg.
The same RN has seen this phenomenon in several other patients and makes the connection
that patients with right-sided heart failure (the medical diagnosis) will experience a blood
pressure drop if they are turned to their left side. This type of reasoning is called
a. inductive.
b. deductive.
c. reductive.
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