Introduction to communication sciences
& disorders final exam
2 Types of Aphasia - correct answer-1. Fluent- normal rate and rhythm of speech but lack
meaningful content
2. Non-fluent- difficulty initiating speech; choppy short utterances with some articulatory
difficulty
3 models of acculturation - correct answer-1. Anglo-conformity model- individuals give up
their tradition to adopt the american way
2. Melting pot model- incorporate characteristics of the minority culture and blend it with the
American culture
3. Cultural pluralism model- strong believers of the american way of life, but are able to
maintain characteristics of the native culture
3 smallest bones in the body - correct answer-1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes
3 types of hearing loss - correct answer-1. Conductive hearing loss
2. Sensorineural hearing loss
3. Mixed hearing loss
Acculturation - correct answer-When an individual tries to fit into a group by adopting the
social or cultural characteristics of that group
Acquired sensorineural hearing loss in adults - correct answer-1. Presbycusis: hearing loss
associated with aging
2. Noise: individuals who use earphones can cause potential hearing loss
3. Ototoxicity: damage to the inner ear from medicine
4. Acoustic neurons: tumor growing on acoustic nerve
Alaryngeal communication options - correct answer-1. Artificial larynx: provides a source of
vibration when placed on the patient's neck or in the mouth
2. Esophageal speech: uses the esophagus as the sound source for voice
3. Tracheoesophageal puncture: directs air from the esophagus so that sound is produced
Anomic Aphasia - correct answer-Common type of language problem associated with
neurological deficits
Characterized by:
1. Difficulty recalling words and naming objects
2. Exhibit normal to mildly impaired language comprehension
Aphasia - correct answer-Loss of the ability to comprehend or formulate language
, Apraxia of Speech - correct answer-Characterized by:
1. Initiating speech
2. Phonating
3. Initiating movements
Patients may exhibit:
1. Slow speech rate
2. Distortion of sounds
3. Inconsistent errors
Assessing voice disorders - correct answer-1. Interviewing the client
2. Viewing the larynx
3. Acoustic and physiological measures of voice
Assessment of stuttering - correct answer-1. Quantitative measures: # of disfluencies per
word or syllable
2. Qualitative measures: listener's judgement of a speaker's physical tension
3. What is the child's risk of stuttering
Red & Green flags
Behaviors of phonotrauma - correct answer-1.Hard glottal: hard starts to speech
2. Puberphonia: males who have a higher pitch after puberty and use their vocal mechanism
incorrectly
3. Persistent glottal fry: inappropriate use of the vocal mechanism
4. Excessive talking: changes voice production
Bolus - correct answer-solids and liquids formed into a ball
Broca's Aphasia - correct answer-Occurs from lesions in the anterior to lower portion of the
motor area in the frontal lobe of the brain
Characterized by:
1. Non-fluent speech and language
2. Difficulty comprehending complex conversation
3. Difficulty with reading and reading comprehension
Broca's area - correct answer-Located in the frontal lobe, responsible for speech motor
programming
Communication - correct answer-an exchange of information between at least two
individuals through symbols, signs, or behavior.
Components of the ear - correct answer-1.outer ear
2. middle ear
3. inner ear
Conductive hearing loss - correct answer-occurs as an interference of sound transmission
through the outer or middle ear.
Caused by:
1. Atresia of the ear canal: incomplete development of the ear canal
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