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Psychoanalytic Theory

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Assignment Instructions: - The student must identify a person who is experiencing a life challenge, and with the person’s consent, conduct an interview through which they will gain insight into the presenting problem, family history, predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective fact...

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  • 28 juni 2024
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  • 2021/2022
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Psychotherapeutic Models for Intervention




Kelsey Nairn

Honors in Applied Social Sciences

South African College of Applied Psychology (Pty) Ltd.




Psychotherapeutic Models for Intervention

Joy Nel

17th October 2022

, Table of Contents

Psychoanalytic Theory Applied to the Case of Tracy................................................................3

Psychoanalytic Theory...........................................................................................................3

Major Constructs................................................................................................................4

Id, Ego, and Superego..................................................................................................5

Psychosexual Development.........................................................................................5

Life and Death Instincts...............................................................................................6

Defense Mechanisms...................................................................................................6

Dream Analysis............................................................................................................7

Attachments..................................................................................................................8

Intervention Strategies........................................................................................................9

Limitations of a Psychanalytic Approach to Psychotherapy in a Multicultural Context.......9

Conclusion..................................................................................................................................9

Works Cited..............................................................................................................................11

Appendix A: The Case of Tracy (Pseudonym)........................................................................13

Presenting Problems.............................................................................................................13

Family Background..............................................................................................................14

Early Adult Years.................................................................................................................15

Appendix B: Consent...............................................................................................................18

, Psychoanalytic Theory Applied to the Case of Tracy

Psychoanalytic theory is based on the idea that people are often unaware of the

multiple factors contributing to their maladaptive behaviors or distressing emotions.

Psychoanalytic techniques and strategies aim to make the client aware of how their

unconscious thoughts and defenses formed early in life and how it affects their

behavioral patterns, relationships, and mental health in general (Shedler, 2009). This highly

personalized form of psychotherapeutic treatment sets its goals in demonstrating how early

childhood experiences influence the way an individual's personality develops over time

(Wedding & Corsini, 2019).

The following essay aims to apply psychoanalytic theory to the case of Tracy in

relation to the problems she is currently facing and better understand how they came to exist.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Based on Sigmund Freud's groundbreaking work, psychoanalytic theory significantly

impacted the psychology realm between 1856 and 1939. Throughout Freud's professional

life, psychological explanations of how the human mind functions were dominated by his

theories regarding unconscious drives, psychosexual development, and coping mechanisms

(Attached, Fernandez & Mackesy). Psychoanalysis was initially used to treat mentally ill

patients. It has since evolved into a novel idea for comprehending the human mind. Although

Sigmund Freud was the first to use the premise that the unconscious mind governs human

behaviors as the foundation for psychoanalysis, this theory has been reevaluated and

developed throughout the past century (Attached, Fernandez, & Mackesy).

While traditional psychoanalysis relied on traditional techniques to achieve

counseling goals, the theoretical underpinnings have evolved to encompass multicultural

considerations and implications for psychotherapy to increase the effectiveness of this

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