MIC 130 Final Exam Study Questions and Answers with Complete Solutions Graded A 2024
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MIC 130
Instelling
The University Of West London
Bio warfare - intentional use of disease causing organisms or products of organisms to harm populations to attain military a objective
bioterorism - intentional use of disease causing agents or products of organisms to harm humans, other animals, or plants in order to cause civil unrest and pani...
MIC 130 Final Exam Study Questions
and Answers with Complete Solutions
Graded A 2024
Bio warfare - intentional use of disease causing organisms or products of
organisms to harm populations to attain military a objective
bioterorism - intentional use of disease causing agents or products of organisms to
harm humans, other animals, or plants in order to cause civil unrest and panic or to
commit a crime
Advantages of biological weapons - -Readily available "easy to grow" -
inexpensive -highly transportable -not easy detected -Tasteless, odorless, invisible
-Suicide "infectors" -Cause large scale panic -No damage to infrastructure
(warfare)
Disadvantages of biological weapons - -morally and socially unethical -delivery
can be tricky -difficult to control spread -Hazard to self -"Pandora's Box"
"Pandora's box" analogy to biological weapons - had all evils inside and once you
open the box and release them -if you can contain/control but once you release it
you can't get it back -never "over"
Historical uses biological weapons (Romans) - -Ancient romans threw carrion into
wells to poison thier enemies
,carrion - decying flesh or dead animals
Historical uses biological weapons (Carthage) - -Hannibal (Carthage) in 184 BC,
hurled pots of venomous snakes onto Pergamon (ancient greek) ships
-Would have to jump ship or die
Historical uses biological weapons (mongolia) - -Bodies catapulted into Caffa by
Mongolain army
-used dead infected bodies to spread disease
Historical uses biological weapons (French vs Indian war) - The english used small
pox-laden blankets in 1763 at Fort Pitt to Subdue Indians loyal to French
-Lasted 1754-64
-The raging small pox epidemic decimated those who recived the blankets
Historical uses biological weapons (WW1) - German Secret service covertly used
the bacteria that causes glanders and anthrax to infect animals (horses) used by the
allies during WW1
-Lasted from 1914-1918
-Infected the grain and germans sold it to nuetral countries who sold it to the
unsuspecting "enemy"
Geneva protocal of 1925 - -Put into effect 1928; 29 nations signed including US
-Treaty included: "A protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of
Asphyxiating Gas, and of Biological Methods of Warfare"
-Banned all use during war
-Treaty was not ratified by US or Japan until 2014 and 1970
Glanders - Infectious disease spread through direct contact with infected animals
-Fever and chills with sweating, muscle aches, chest pain, muscle tightness,
headaches, nasal drainage, light sensitivity
-can get localized, pulmonary, bloodstream or chronic infection
Did the Geneva Protocol work? Post-Geneva Protocol - Bacillus anthracis
(anthrax) and other agents were developed for weaponization by: US, Japan,
Russia, Germany, Great Britain
-Protocol didnt mention production, storage, or transfer of biological agents
Camp (Fort) Detrick United states - British wanted a biological weapons program
-US started one in April 1943
, -Since 1969 used for biological defense program
-Site of several US medical research facilities
US and British biowarfare programs in WW2 (1944-45) - US and British leaders
developed plans to drop hundreds of bomblets with anthrax over German cities
Japan biowarefare program in WW2 (1932-1945) - -Japan invaded Manchuria in
1931
-Developed unit 731 (housed in china secret) for BW research, development, and
production facility
-Thousands of chinese, koreans, russians, criminals, and P.O.W.'s were
experimented on
P.O.W - prisoner of war
Ping Fan, Manchuria - Developed infectious agents: Yersinia pestis (plague),
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Virbio cholera (cholera)
-Never charged with war crimes
Why weren't Japanese researches prosecuted (why was it kept a secret)? - -US did
not want Soviets to have information and encourage them to do the same thing
- It was helpful for us to have germ program with human data
-Hard to advance a program if everyone knew
-Repulsion that civilians would have had wanted public to shut down the program
How did Japan experiment with spreading plague? - Infected fleas with plague
bacteria that were in airplanes that got dropped over chinese cities
Who did Japanese experiment on/what did they do? - -Experimented on peasants,
and did autopsies before death.
-Preferred agent was inhaled anthrax for pulmonary anthrax
Pine Bluff Arsenal 1950 - Us army installation in Arkansas
-BW production facility on 14,000 acres
-Manufactured organisms that cause: Brucellosis, Tularemia, Anthrax, Q-fever,
VEE (Venezuelan equine encephalitis), Botulinum toxin
Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) - -Emerging infectious disease in Latin
America
-Mainly in animals but humans can catch it as well
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