The eu - correct answers Entry is voluntary, and member states have the freedom to leave
International agreements are ratified by individual governments.
Schumann Declaration 1850 - correct answers France and Germany- aim to rebuild Europe, and recover the
economy through trade.
Coal and Steel productions were pooled into a High Authority- tariffs were abolished to encourage trade. Led
to the *European Coal and Steel Community 1951* (6 member states). Increased living standards and peace.
The High authority bound Germany and France- making it a supranational organisation.
Treaty of Rome 1957 - correct answers Created the European Economic Community (EEC)- aim to establish a
common market.
4 free movements- goods, services, people, capital
Tariff barriers were replaced with common external custom tariffs.
Flanking policies were also introduced to prevent monopolies and cartels, allowing small companies to thrive
(also sex equality policies).
Treaty of Maastricht 1992 - correct answers Co-decision procedures and principles- i.e. liberty and rule of law
established.
Three Pillars- European Community (EC), Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), Justice and Home Affairs
Council (JHA).
Allowed to opt in or out of policies. Choice, however, weakens cohesion, as development isn't united.
HOWEVER forcing co-operation undermines the European Union if states must act contrary to how they want
to.
Treaty of Amsterdam 1997 - correct answers Immigration moved from the Third pillar (JHA) to the First pillar
(EC)
Treaty of Lisbon - correct answers TEU creates the EU- co-operation in order to achieve common goals.
, Enables EU to conclude international agreements and enter international organisations.
TFEU: More detail on roles, policies and operation of the EU
European Institutions - correct answers To be competent the institutions must have power, and the ability to
exercise it. If a task is necessary to achieve a goal, an instiution may carry it out despite not actually having
allocated power to do so.
European Parliament
European Council
Council of Ministers
European Commission
Court of Justice
European Parliament - correct answers MPs directly elected each year
Enacts legislation with the council of ministers
Approves and censors the European Commission
European Council - correct answers Heads of states and the government of the EU
Top decision making body of the EU- gives political direction and priorities; sets the agenda and appoints
positions, but cannot pass legislation.
Council of Ministers - correct answers Final decision on EU legislation
Composed of delegates from member states with the power to commit their governments
European Commission - correct answers One from each Member State
Proposes new policies and oversees the execution of existing policies
Power delegated from the Council of Ministers.
Court of Justice - correct answers One judge per member state, elected by the member state.
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