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NURS 172: Exam 3 practice questions and answers graded A+
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NURS 172: Exam 3 practice questions and answers graded A+
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NURS 172: Exam 3 practice questionsThe nurse correlates increased circulating levels of triiodothyronine and thyroxine to which physiological
response?
1. Decreased secretion of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
2. Decreased secretion of thyrocalcitonin
3. Increased secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
4. Increased secretion of parathyroid hormone - correct answer ✔✔1:
1. As levels of circulating T3 and T4 increase, the feedback to the hypothalamus is to decrease secretion
of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
2. Thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin) has a role in the regulation of calcium and is not affected by circulating
levels of T3 and T4.
3. As levels of circulating T3 and T4 increase, the feedback to the hypothalamus is to decrease secretion
of TRH. As TRH secretion decreases, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion also decreases.
4. Parathyroid hormone secretion is not affected by circulating levels of T3 and T4.
The nurse is preparing a teaching tool that focuses on the endocrine system. How should the nurse
explain the negative feedback system?
1. Hormone secretion increases when circulating levels drop.
2. Hormone secretion increases when target organs send signals.
3. Hormone secretion increases when circulating levels increase.
4. Hormone secretion increases when the target tissue does not recognize the level. - correct answer
✔✔1:
1. Hormonal release is controlled by a negative feedback system that increases hormone secretion when
circulating levels are decreased.
2. Increasing hormone secretion when the target organ sends signals does not describe a negative
feedback system.
3. Increasing secretion when the circulating levels increase describes a positive feedback system.
4. Increasing secretion when the target tissue does not recognize the level does not describe a negative
feedback system.
,Which assessment data from a patient who has been on long-term steroid therapy requires an
immediate intervention?
1. Insomnia
2. Truncal obesity
3. Decreased blood glucose
4. Preexisting hypertension - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. Insomnia is an expected side effect for long-term steroid therapy.
2. Truncal obesity is an expected side effect for long-term steroid therapy.
3. Patients who are prescribed corticosteroids for more than 10 to 14 days require "tapering" of the
medication. Because of the effects of the exogenous corticosteroid on the hypothalamus, anterior
pituitary, and adrenal cortex, the normal hormonal feedback system is interrupted. Abrupt withdrawal of
the exogenous medication may lead to adrenal insufficiency, which is a medical emergency characterized
by decreased blood pressure and hypoglycemia. A decreased blood glucose requires the nurse to collect
additional data.
4. Preexisting hypertension is not data that necessitates additional data collection based on the patient's
long-term steroid therapy status.
A patient is diagnosed with a disorder of the hypothalamus. To which other gland is this structure
attached?
1. Thyroid
2. Thalamus
3. Pituitary gland
4. Adrenal glands - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. The thyroid gland is in the neck.
2. The hypothalamus is a small structure located beneath the thalamus.
3. The hypothalamus is connected to the pituitary gland by the infundibulum.
4. The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys.
The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation in the patient with a decrease in antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) secretion?
1. Increased sodium excretion
2. Increased potassium excretion
,3. Increased urine output
4. Increased urine specific gravity - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) does not impact sodium reabsorption or excretion. ADH controls water
reabsorption in the kidneys.
2. Antidiuretic hormone does not impact potassium reabsorption or excretion. ADH controls water
reabsorption in the kidneys.
3. Antidiuretic hormone is secreted from the posterior pituitary gland in response to decreased blood
pressure, dehydration, and increased serum osmolality and works by increasing water reabsorption in
the kidneys. Decreased ADH results in increased output of dilute urine.
4. A lack of ADH results in excretion of large amounts of dilute urine with a low specific gravity.
On physical examination, the nurse notes increased pigmentation and correlates this to a dysfunction in
which endocrine gland?
1. Thyroid gland
2. Posterior pituitary
3. Anterior pituitary
4. Adrenal cortex - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. The thyroid gland does not impact hair and skin color. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone from the
anterior pituitary gland affects skin and hair color.
2. The posterior pituitary gland does not impact hair and skin color. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
from the anterior pituitary gland affects skin and hair color.
3. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and affects skin and
hair color.
4. The adrenal glands do not impact hair and skin color. Melanocyte-stimulating hormone from the
anterior pituitary gland affects skin and hair color.
In assessing a patient with increased aldosterone, the nurse recognizes which actions of this hormone?
1. Increases potassium sodium reabsorption in the kidneys
2. Increases sodium reabsorption
3. Decreases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys
4. Decreases glucose reabsorption in the kidneys - correct answer ✔✔2:
1. Aldosterone stimulation leads to excretion of potassium.
, 2. Aldosterone stimulation leads to reabsorption of sodium and water and excretion of potassium.
3. Aldosterone has no effect on calcium regulation.
4. Aldosterone has no effect on glucose regulation.
In caring for a patient taking medications to suppress the immune response, it is important that the
nurse recognize that these medications can produce which effect?
1. Increased secretion of cortisol
2. Increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
3. Decreased secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone 4. Decreased secretion of antidiuretic
hormone - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. The effects of exogenous corticosteroid on the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex
interrupt the normal hormonal feedback system and result in a decreased secretion of corticotropin-
releasing hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol.
2. The effects of exogenous corticosteroid on the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex
interrupt the normal hormonal feedback system and result in a decreased secretion of corticotropin-
releasing hormone, ACTH, and cortisol.
3. The effects of exogenous corticosteroid on the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and adrenal cortex
interrupt the normal hormonal feedback system. Because of the elevated glucocorticoid levels, secretion
of corticotropin-releasing hormone is decreased.
4. The effects of exogenous corticosteroid on do not impact the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
from the posterior pituitary gland.
The nurse notes that a patient has a tumor on the thyroid gland. Where should the nurse expect to
palpate this tumor?
1. Anteriorly below the chin
2. At the level of the clavicle
3. Below the cricoid cartilage
4. At the level of the sternal notch - correct answer ✔✔3:
1. The thyroid gland is not directly below the chin.
2. The thyroid gland is not at the level of the clavicle.
3. Located in the anterior neck, the thyroid gland lies directly below the cricoid cartilage.
4. The thyroid gland is higher than the sternal notch.
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