1F03 Final Exam Prep Questions and Answers Graded A+
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1F03 Final Exam Prep Questions and
Answers Graded A+
What is the purpose of a hypothesis test in statistics?
A hypothesis test is used to determine if there is enough evidence in a sample data to infer
that a certain condition holds for the entire population. It helps in making decisions or...
1F03 Final Exam Prep Questions and
Answers Graded A+
What is the purpose of a hypothesis test in statistics?
✔✔A hypothesis test is used to determine if there is enough evidence in a sample data to infer
that a certain condition holds for the entire population. It helps in making decisions or inferences
based on sample data.
How do you interpret a p-value in hypothesis testing?
✔✔A p-value measures the probability of observing the test results under the null hypothesis. A
low p-value (typically less than 0.05) indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis,
suggesting it may be rejected.
What is the difference between Type I and Type II errors?
✔✔Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected when it is actually true.
Type II error occurs when the null hypothesis is not rejected when it is actually false.
Explain the concept of a confidence interval.
1
,✔✔A confidence interval is a range of values, derived from sample data, that is likely to contain
the true population parameter with a specified level of confidence (e.g., 95%). It provides an
estimate of uncertainty around the sample statistic.
How do you calculate the standard deviation of a sample?
✔✔To calculate the standard deviation of a sample, first find the mean of the data, then compute
the variance by averaging the squared differences between each data point and the mean. The
standard deviation is the square root of the variance.
What is the purpose of a scatter plot in statistical analysis?
✔✔A scatter plot displays the relationship between two quantitative variables. It helps to
visualize trends, correlations, and patterns in the data, making it easier to identify any potential
relationships between the variables.
How do you interpret the correlation coefficient?
✔✔The correlation coefficient (r) ranges from -1 to 1. A value close to 1 indicates a strong
positive linear relationship, while a value close to -1 indicates a strong negative linear
relationship. A value around 0 suggests no linear relationship.
Provide an example of when you would use a t-test versus a z-test.
2
, ✔✔A t-test is used when comparing the means of two groups with a small sample size and when
the population standard deviation is unknown. A z-test is used with large sample sizes and when
the population standard deviation is known.
What is the Central Limit Theorem, and why is it important?
✔✔The Central Limit Theorem states that the distribution of the sample mean approaches a
normal distribution as the sample size becomes large, regardless of the population’s distribution.
It is crucial because it allows for the use of normal probability techniques in hypothesis testing
and confidence interval estimation.
Explain the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics.
✔✔Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of a dataset, such as mean,
median, and standard deviation. Inferential statistics use sample data to make generalizations or
predictions about a population, often involving hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.
Mindy is interested in testing weather those who follow a vegan diet are happier than those who
do not. She asks vegans and non vegans to complete the subjective happiness scale , and
compare their answers. Which of the following statements is true of Mindy's research? ✔✔when
doing a T-test mindy's null hypothesis is that vegans are similar in how happy they believe they
are
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