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ATI Pharmacology Proctored, Pharmacology ATI Proctored Questions and Correct Answers

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Sulfonamides and trimethoprim ~ Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim Inhibits bacteria folic acid synthesis Side effects: hypersensitivity, GI upset, blood dyscrasias, cyrstaluria Advise patients to increase fluid intake! Nitrofurantoin ~ Urinary tract antiseptic Works by damaging bacterial DNA Si...

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ATI Pharmacology Proctored,
Pharmacology ATI Proctored
Questions and Correct Answers

A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The

medication has a long half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse

expect to administer this medication?

A. One

B. Two

C. Three

D. Four

✓✓~ A. One

(Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels between doses for

long periods of time. The nurse should expect to administer this medication once a

day.)

A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence

medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which

,of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower

medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)

A. Increased renal secretion

B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes

C. Liver failure

D. Peripheral vascular disease

E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes

✓✓~ C. Liver failure

E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes

C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration of a

medication. This requires decreasing the dosage.

E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for

metabolism, thereby increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This

requires decreasing the dosage of one or both

A nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a client. Which of the following

actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

,A. Have the client lie on her side.

B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.

C. Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.

D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.

E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation

✓✓~ B. Ask the client to look up at the ceiling.

D. Drop the medication into the center of the client's conjunctival sac.

E. Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation

(B. The client should look upward to keep the drops from falling onto her cornea.

D. The nurse should drop the medication into the

center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.

E. The client should close her eye gently to promote distribution of the medication)

A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for

transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as

an indication that the client understands the instructions?

A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch."

B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."

C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."

, D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.

✓✓~ C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."

(The client should apply the patch to a hairless area of skin to promote absorption of

the medication.)

A nurse reviewing a client's medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the

trough level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the

nurse take?

A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of

medication.

B. Verify that the client has been taking the medication for 24 hr before obtaining a

blood specimen.

C. Ask the client to provide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.

D. Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late

✓✓~ A. Obtain a blood specimen immediately prior to administering the next dose of medication.

(To verify trough levels of a medication, the nurse should obtain a blood specimen

immediately before administering the next dose of medication.)

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