Unit 5 Patho MN551, Unit 4
Patho, Unit3Patho, Unit2
MN551 patho, Unit 1 M 551
Patho
A 51-year-old female patient who is 2 days
postoperative on a surgical unit of a hospital is at
risk for developing atelectasis as a result of being
largely immobile. Which of the following teaching
points by her nurse practitioner is most
appropriate?
Question options:: "You should breathe deeply and
cough to help your lungs expand as much as possible
while you're in bed."
A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram reveals a
hypertrophied left ventricle, normal chamber
volume, and a normal ejection fraction from the
heart.
What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?: Aortic
valve stenosis
,"Stem cells can be used as a source of reserve cells
for the entire blood production system.": A couple
who are expecting their first child have been advised by
friends to consider harvesting umbilical cord blood in
order to have a future source of stem cells. The couple
have approached their nurse practitioner with this
request and are seeking clarification of exactly why stem
cells are valuable and what they might expect to gain
from harvesting them. How can the nurse practitioner
best respond to the couple's inquiry?
A child possesses a trait that is the result of the
interaction of two different genes, neither of which
could have produced the trait independently. Which
of the following explanations best captures the
genetic explanation for this?: The outcome is the
result of the interaction between collaborative genes.
A 55-year-old man has made an appointment to see
his nurse practitioner because he has been
awakening three to four times nightly to void and
often has a sudden need to void with little warning
during the day. What is the man's most likely
diagnosis and possible underlying pathophysiologic
problem?: Overactive bladder that may result from both
neurogenic and myogenic sources
,As a result of dehydration, a patient's epithelial cells
are producing insufficient amounts of mucus.
Consequently, the patient's mucociliary blanket is
compromised. Which of the following changes
would a care provider most reasonably anticipate as
a direct result of this change?: Increased amounts of
bacteria in the lungs. The primary role of the mucociliary
blanket is to trap foreign particles and bacteria and thus
prevent their entry into the lungs. The impaired ciliary
function may result in an inadequate mucociliary blanket,
but the opposite relationship is unlikely. Decreased
oxygen and increased carbon dioxide levels may
eventually result, but not as a direct or immediate
consequence.
An 81-year-old female patient of a long-term care
facility has a history of congestive heart failure. The
nurse practitioner caring for the patient has
positioned her sitting up at an angle in bed and is
observing her jugular venous distention. Why is
jugular venous distention a useful indicator for the
assessment of the patient's condition?: Blood backs
up into the jugular vein because there are no valves at
the point of entry into the heart.
, Bacterial: Sputum samples from a patient with
pneumonia contain an infective agent that has a
peptidoglycan cell wall, expresses endotoxins, replicates
readily in broth and on agar, grows in clusters, has pili,
and does not stain when exposed to crystal violet. This
pneumonia is most likely:
A 45-year-old patient who experienced exposure to
radiation during an industrial accident several years
prior is being assessed. Which of the following
phenomena may underlie the genetic changes that
have been noted in the patient?: Base pairs may have
been rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly: A child has been
diagnosed with thalassemia. Which of the following other
health problems is the child at risk for?
Which of the following pregnant women has most
likely encountered the greatest increase in the risk
that her child will have a fetal anomaly?: A woman
who has herpes simplex and recently recovered from
endocarditis
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