Margin of safety - CORRECT ANSWER-the difference between the usual effective dose and the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - CORRECT ANSWER-right patient, right medication, right does, right route of administration, and right time of deliver...
intramuscular - CORRECT ANSWER-drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - CORRECT ANSWER-needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower
spine an into space around the spinal cord
intravenous - CORRECT ANSWER-injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - CORRECT ANSWER-needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath
the skin
Bioavailablility - CORRECT ANSWER-how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action
Bioequivalent - CORRECT ANSWER-when drugs contain not only the same active
ingredients but also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - CORRECT ANSWER-production of the same medicinal
effects
,Areas of drug elimination and excretion - CORRECT ANSWER-Lungs, breast milk,
sweat tears urine feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - CORRECT ANSWER-failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - CORRECT ANSWER-a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - CORRECT ANSWER-a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the
powdered drug with liquid such as syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - CORRECT ANSWER-a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied
by many others encased within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing medication over
time
tablet - CORRECT ANSWER-pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the
powdered for of a drug and bulk filling material under high pressure; commonly used for
anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - CORRECT ANSWER-medication dosage form in which the drug is
contained in an external shell; can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - CORRECT ANSWER-several doses of a drug in special coatings
that dissolve at different rates
Enteric Coating - CORRECT ANSWER-dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in
the stomach; only starts to digest in the intestines
caplets - CORRECT ANSWER-shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the
shape and file make swallowing easier
gel caps - CORRECT ANSWER-an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin
capsule
,Emulsion - CORRECT ANSWER-two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or
mixed
otic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER-control localized infections or inflammation and
require very low dosages to be effective
Types of drug despensing - CORRECT ANSWER-OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - CORRECT ANSWER-exaggeration of the drug's
therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - CORRECT ANSWER-results from mechanisms that are not
currently understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - CORRECT ANSWER-These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - CORRECT ANSWER-these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - CORRECT ANSWER-These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - CORRECT ANSWER-Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast
feeding
, Transdermal - CORRECT ANSWER-through the skin via creams or patches
Binders - CORRECT ANSWER-cement the active and inert components of tablets
Fillers - CORRECT ANSWER-used to make the drug sufficiently large for easy
manufacture and consumption
Glidants(flow enhancers) - CORRECT ANSWER-added to powdered materials used in
pill production to aid movement through tabletting machinery
suspending/dispersing agents - CORRECT ANSWER-maintain consistent concentration
of the active ingredients throughout the drug product
disintegrants - CORRECT ANSWER-help break up the tablets int the GI tract
Lubricants - CORRECT ANSWER-ease the release of the tablets from the dies that
stamp them during the manufacturing process
AUC - CORRECT ANSWER-represents the extent of the drug absorption or the quantity
of the drug that appears in the bloodstream following oral administration
Cmax - CORRECT ANSWER-peak plasma concentration on a measuring curve
First pass effect - CORRECT ANSWER-metabolizing process in the liver that
suppresses the amount of drug that eventually reaches the systemic circulation and the
site of action
onset of action - CORRECT ANSWER-the time it takes for a drug to start having any
intended affect after it is administered
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