FNP Leik System Review Exam (2024) || Questions & Answers (Rated A+)
FNP Leik System Review Exam (2024) || Questions & Answers (Rated A+)
Are health care providers legally required to report illegal aliens to state or local authorities? - ANSWER - No. Providers have an ethical duty to provide q...
,FNP Leik System Review Exam (2024) ||
Questions & Answers (Rated A+)
Are health care providers legally required to report illegal aliens to state or local
authorities? - ANSWER - No. Providers have an ethical duty to provide quality health
care to pts, even if they are illegal aliens.
What is the major difference btw a quasi-experimental design and an experimental
design? - ANSWER - Human subjects are recruited by convenience (not
randomized) in a quasi-experimental study. They both have intervention groups, but
in an experimental design, all subjects are chosen at random.
Law governing nurse practitioner authority are determined by: - ANSWER - The state
board of nursing
NPs derive their legal right to practice from: - ANSWER - The Nurse Practice Act of
the state where they practice. The state board of nursing enforces the Nurse
Practice Act.
When thinking about GI issues, what does the acronym PROM mean? - ANSWER -
P=psoas sign (pain w right thigh extension)**
R=rebound tenderness
O=obturator sign (pain w rotation of right thigh)**
M=McBurney's point tenderness (btw ASIS and umbilicus)
*these are all s/s of appendicitis
**are confirmatory signs of appendicitis
How do we test for H Pylori? - ANSWER - lactose and sucrose breath hydrogen
tests
What is the drug of choice to treat Bell's Palsy (facial paresis involving CN VII)? -
ANSWER - Prednison 60 mg divided in 4-5 doses daily and tapered over 7-10 days
What is trigeminal neuralgia? - ANSWER - Nerve disorder that causes a stabbing or
electric-shock-like pain in parts of the face. Could be caused by MS or pressure on
the trigeminal nerve (CN V) from a swollen blood vessel or tumor. Pain is usually
localized on one side of the face.
What is treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? - ANSWER - - anti-seizure drugs (like
carbamazapine)
- muscle relaxants
- tricyclic depressants
On X-ray, what would indicate a ruptured abdomen? - ANSWER - free air under the
diaphragm (this is bad)
,Normal= NO free air under the diaphragm
What condition is temporal arteritis (aka giant cell arteritis) related to? - ANSWER -
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
About 15% of people with polymyalgia rheumatica also have temporal arteritis and
about half of people with temporal arteritis also have polymyalgia rheumatica.
Temporal arteritis causes inflammation that damages large and medium-sized
arteries.
Diagnosis of temporal arteritis is confirmed by a temporal artery biopsy
Pulmonary Consolidation (what is it, what does it indicate, what are signs to look for,
what does CXR show) - ANSWER - A pulmonary consolidation is a region of
(normally compressible) lung tissue that has filled with liquid, a condition marked by
induration (swelling or hardening of normally soft tissue) of a normally aerated lung.
It is considered a radiologic sign. Consolidation occurs through accumulation of
inflammatory cellular exudate in the alveoli and adjoining ducts. Simply, it is defined
as alveolar space that contains liquid instead of gas. The liquid can be pulmonary
edema, inflammatory exudate, pus, inhaled water, or blood (from bronchial tree or
hemorrhage from a pulmonary artery). It must be present to diagnose pneumonia:
the signs of lobar pneumonia are characteristic and clinically referred to as
consolidation.
Signs that consolidation may have occurred include:
-Expansion of the thorax on inspiration is reduced on the affected side
-Vocal fremitus is increased on the side with consolidation
-Percussion is dull in affected area
-Breath sounds are bronchial
-Possible medium, late, or pan-inspiratory crackles
-Vocal resonance is increased. Here, the patient's voice (or whisper, as in whispered
pectoriloquy) can be heard more clearly when there is consolidation, as opposed to
in the healthy lung where speech sounds muffled.
-A pleural rub may be present.
-A lower Pa02
Radiology
Typically, an area of white lung is seen on a standard X-ray. Consolidated tissue is
more radio-opaque than normally aerated lung parenchyma, so that it is clearly
demonstrable in radiography and on CT scans. Consolidation is often a middle-to-
late stage feature/complication in pulmonary infections.
Chest X-ray diagram - ANSWER -
Always rule out __ __ in a postmenopausal female who has a palpable ovary -
ANSWER - ovarian cancer
*initial w/u for ovarian cancer is the intravaginal ultrasound and CA125. There are no
standard/routine "screenings" for ovarian cancer.
, Tanner Staging Tips - ANSWER - Girls:
Stage II- breast bud and areola start to develop
Stage III- breast continues to grow with nipples/areola as one mound (no separation)
Stage IV- Nipples and areola become elevated from the breast (secondary mound is
present)
Boys:
Stage II- testes w scrotum starts to enlarge (scrotal skin darkens and there is more
ruggae)
Stage III- penis grows longer and testes/scrotum become larger
Stage IV- penis becomes wider and continues growing in length (testes are larger w
darker scrotal skin and more ruggae)
**Stage I is prepubertal and Stage V is adult pattern
Precocious puberty for girls = <8 yrs
Precocious puberty for boys = <9 yrs
What is palpable breast tissue in a male considered? - ANSWER - gynecomastia
**If there is fatty tissue in the breast area, it is considered "psudo-gynecomastia"
Goodell's sign - ANSWER - softening of the cervix (think: "good & soft")
Chadwick's sign - ANSWER - cervical cyanosis (they all start with Cs)
Hegar's sign - ANSWER - softening of the cervicouterine junction
Fetal heart tones by ___ weeks - ANSWER - You can hear the fetal heart by 10-12
wks
The fundus is palpable at the umbilicus by ____ weeks and grows approximately __
cm per week thereafter - ANSWER - The fundus is palpable at the umbilicus by 20
weeks and grows approximately 1 cm per week thereafter
Importance of RhoGAM - ANSWER - If mom is Rh negative, dad must also be
tested. If dad is Rh positive, the baby has a chance of inheriting Rh positive blood
from the father.
The incompatibility only occurs if mom is Rh negative and baby is Rh positive. If this
is the case, mom receives a IM shot of RhoGAM at about 28 weeks of pregnancy,
and within 72 hours after a birth, miscarriage, abortion, or amniocentesis.
The Rh-immune globulin contains antibodies to the Rh D factor. These antibodies
will destroy any red blood cells from the baby that have entered mom's blood.
Naegele's Rule (for estimating due date) - ANSWER - First day of last menstrual
period + 1 year - 3 months + 7 days.
For example, if LMP was Oct 1 2014, then mom would be due July 8 2015
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