The cytochrome b6f complex of the photosynthetic electron transport system is responsible for translocating 8 H+ into the thylakoid space from the stroma. However, a total of 12 H+ accumulate inside the thylakoid space as a result of photon absorption by PSII and PSI. What is the origin of the othe...
the cytochrome b6f complex of the photosynthetic e
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The cytochrome b6f complex of the photosynthetic electron transport system is responsible for
translocating 8 H+ into the thylakoid space from the stroma. However, a total of 12 H+
accumulate inside the thylakoid space as a result of photon absorption by PSII and PSI. What is
the origin of the other 4 H+? correct answers The oxidation of 2 H2O to form O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-
Raffinose-series oligosaccharides are hard for humans to digest because correct answers humans
do not have the enzyme necessary to hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds.
What causes flatulence in humans (and pigs) who consume vegetables such as broccoli? correct
answers Intestinal bacteria contain glycosidases that metabolize raffinose oligosaccharides to
produce methane.
A rat colony has been bred to have an enzyme deficiency. After being deprived of food for 24
hours, the animals exhibit low blood glucose concentration [hypoglycemia] and are comatose.
Giving them intravenous glucose arouses them by raising their blood glucose concentration to
normal. Giving them intravenous lactate or alanine does not improve their blood glucose
concentration. However giving them an intravenous infusion including amino acids that can
make oxaloacetate or α-ketoglutarate in the liver also arouses them. Which of the following liver
enzyme deficiencies is the most likely in these animals? correct answers Pyruvate carboxylase
Which hormone slows down glycolysis while stimulating gluconeogenesis through the
phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase 2 (PFK2) and fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase? correct
answers glucagon
How would individuals with decreased levels of the pentose phosphate enzyme glucose-6-
phosphate dehydrogenase respond to oxidative stress? correct answers They would not have the
ability to regenerate reduced glutathione as rapidly.
They would not have the ability to regenerate reduced glutathione as rapidly. correct answers -
Monosaccharide-Fucose
-Oligosaccharide-Lacto-N-tetraose
-Proteoglycan-Glypican
-Disaccharide heteropolymer- Chitin
-Disaccharide-Lactose
-Glycoprotein-Antibody
The term greenhouse effect refers to the idea that correct answers the temperature of the earth is
increasing because of heat trapped by gases such as CO2.
Maximal activity of pyruvate carboxylase depends on which of the following substances?
Choose the TWO that apply. correct answers 1)Biotin
2)Acetyl-Coenzyme A [Acetyl-CoA]
, Paraquat is an effective herbicide the kills plants by disrupting the photosynthetic electron
transport system. Why then was the spraying of marijuana fields with paraquat discontinued in
the 1980s? correct answers It was discontinued because it was thought to cause lung damage in
people who smoked marijuana containing paraquat.
Which statement below best describes the reason why the energy cost of the Cori Cycle is net +4
ATP? correct answers Because it requires an investment of 6 ATP equivalents to generate
glucose from lactate in the liver but the recovery of ATP in conversion of glucose to lactate in
muscle is only 2 ATP.
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP) is an allosteric regulator that controls flux through the
glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. Levels of F-2,6-BP increase in the cell in response to
insulin and decrease in response to glucagon. Choose the number corresponding to the correct
underlined answer. correct answers 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12
What are biochemical properties of enzyme active sites? Choose the TWO statements below that
are correct. correct answers 1) Enzyme active sites provide optimal orientation.
2)Enzyme active sites exclude excess solvent.
Explain why AB type individuals can accept packed red blood cells (RBCs) from any donor.
correct answers Because AB plasma does not contain A or B type antibodies so RBCs from any
donor are compatible.
The mitochondrial electron transport system and the photosynthetic electron transport system are
different in many ways. In what TWO ways are they similar? correct answers 1)The inner
mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane are both impermeable to protons.
2)Electrons are transferred from one electron carrier to the other by redox reactions in both
systems.
Eduard Buchner is considered the forefather of biochemistry because he was the first to prove
that ________ are sufficient for alcoholic fermentation in the absence of live yeast as long as
_________ is provided. correct answers enzymes, glucose
How many of the 10 glycolysis reactions use the same enzyme in the gluconeogenesis pathway?
correct answers 7
Paper is made from cellulose fibers. Explain why paper loses its shape and planar strength when
it is soaked in water but not when it is soaked in oil. correct answers Water disrupts the intrafiber
hydrogen bonds whereas oil does not affect hydrogen bonds.
Which TWO statements below accurately describe the difference between the oxidative phase
and the nonoxidative phase of the Pentose Phosphate Pathway? correct answers 2 and 4
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