Apk 3321 Exam 3 Questions & Answers
2024/2025
What is public health? What does it focus on? - ANSWERSPublic health is a field that has many
disciplines working together to promote and protect health and prevent diseases and disabilities in
populations and communities. It focuses on the population as a whole, not individuals.
What are some of the first events/defining moments in the history of public health? - ANSWERSThe
Black Death: killed 25% of population; originated on rats and was transported by newly developed
shipping methodsBad working conditions in Industrial RevolutionGerm Theory early 20th century->
quarantine, sanitation methods, vaccines and antibiotics
What are the five pillars of public health? - ANSWERS1. Epidemiology and disease control- preventing
spread of diseases
2. Environmental Health- provide safe environments for living and PA
3. Health Promotion and Health Education
4. Health Administration and Policy
5. Biostatistics- comparing studies and finding the most effective ways to advance health
What are the WHO's five principles that guide health promotion and health education efforts in public
health? - ANSWERS1. Empowerment and Inclusion- empower individuals and communities to take action
2. Intersectoral Collaboration- agencies and sectors working together to influence health
3. Multidimensional- use all tools availiable
4. Participatory- be inclusive!!
5. Advocacy- promote health and educate others!
What are the three main core functions of public health? - ANSWERS1. Assessment: Monitor Health
Status & Diagnose and Investigate
2. Policy and Development: Inform and Educate, Mobilizie Community Partnerships, & Develop policies
,3. Assurance: Enforce laws and regulations, link to health care, assure competent health care workforce,
& evaluate health services
- ALL 3: Research solutions to health problems
What are the 10 essential functions that support the core services of public health? And how do they
relate to the 3 core functions? - ANSWERSMonitor health status, diagnose and investigate (Assessment)
Inform and educate, mobilize community partnerships, develop policies (Policy and Development)
Evaluate health services, assure competent health care workforce, link to health care, enforce laws and
regulations (Assurance)
How is public health different from the practice of medicine? - ANSWERSPublic health focuses less on
individuals and treatment and more on populations and prevention.
What are the emerging physical activity specializations in public health today? - ANSWERSImmunization
laws, legislation/regulation of cigarette use, motorcycle helmet laws, minimal workplace safety standards
and inspections, food safety and transportation standards
What do the fields of Kinesiology & Epidemiology have to do with public health and physical activity? -
ANSWERSThe two fields of kinesiology and epidemiology have merged to create public health and
physical activity, which looks at the health effects and risks of physical activity and ways to help people
become active and maintain a healthy level of activity throughout their lives.
What is public health characterized by? (2 items) - ANSWERSBy science and action.(epidemiology
provides the fundamental science and action is the implementation of the findings)
What are the fundamentals of physical activity surveillance? How does it work? - ANSWERSThe ongoing,
systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data essential to planning, implementing and
evaluating a public health practice. It helps us identify who may be at greater risk.
Why is it important to track the health status of the general population? - ANSWERSIt can allow us to
identify problems, understand the extent of a health problem, identify the types of people/populations
that are at a higher risk.
How do community interventions impact public health? - ANSWERSInterventions can improve the
quality of life, reduce human suffering, help children thrive, and save money.
, Describe "the science" behind creating interventions - ANSWERSEfficacy trials are the science behind
interventions. They are used to establish that a certain intervention or public health program can change
a certain condition.
What's the difference between efficacy trials and effectiveness studies? - ANSWERSThe efficacy trials are
controlled studies to see if the intervention works. The effectiveness study is to see how well an
intervention works in real life.
How are health guidelines developed? - ANSWERSThey are developed by a governing body and based on
the best available science. They provide a course of action to deal with an issue.
What is the social ecological model and how do each of it's levels influence physical activity behaviors? -
ANSWERSThe social ecological model is a guiding framework to show how various levels influence PA
behaviors. The center is Individual factors that are innate to one person and differ between everyone,
like sex, disablitlity, socioeconomic status= very important. The next level out is Social. This layer includes
peers, doctors, family and organizations. The third layer is environmental. This includes access to
sidewalks, gyms, etc. Policy is the outtermost layer and includes the rules and norms of a society
What are some careers associated with exercise science and public health? - ANSWERSCoaches, PE
teacher, PA Specialist, Physician, Nurse, Personal Trainer, Wellness coach, Researcher, Exercise
Physiologist, OT, AT
What are some sources of public health information on physical activity? - ANSWERSPAGA guidelines
from USDHHS, WHO
How does the built environment influence participation in physical activity? - ANSWERSThe built
environment includes sidewalks, roads, stoplights, crosswalks and buildings. The higher walkability and
safety, the more active.
What are three ways to increase access to physical activity at a worksite? - ANSWERS1. Provide secure
and covered parking for bicycles to encourage bicycling to and from work.
2. Create a culture of physical activity by encouraging brief exercise breaks throughout the workday.
3.Provide on-site fitness facilities or buildings that are conducive to physical activity, as well as easy
access to walking and running routes; distribute walking maps.
