PSCI 1100 Exam with Complete Solutions
Strict scrutiny - Answer-A Supreme Court test to see if a law denies equal protection because it does not serve a compelling state interest and is not narrowly tailored to achieve that goal
precendent - Answer-binding force for stability in law that often ...
PSCI 1100 Exam with Complete
Solutions
Strict scrutiny - Answer-A Supreme Court test to see if a law denies equal protection
because it does not serve a compelling state interest and is not narrowly tailored to
achieve that goal
precendent - Answer-binding force for stability in law that often causes justices to rule in
line with previous decisions
Griswold v. Connecticut - Answer-1965 decision that the Constitution implicitly
guarantees citizens' right to privacy
- contraception couldn't be illegal in Connecticut
Undue burden test - Answer-a means of deciding whether a law that makes it harder for
women to seek abortions is constitutional
jim crow - Answer-Laws written to separate blacks and whites in public areas/meant
African Americans had unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and
government
dixiecrats - Answer-southern Democrats who opposed Truman's position on civil rights.
They caused a split in the Democratic party.
covered jurisdictions - Answer-States, cities, or counties that must submit proposed
voting changes to the US Department of Justice because of their histories of
discrimination against minority voters
preclearance - Answer-mandated by the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the prior approval
by the Justice Department of changes to or new election laws by certain States -->
democrats won the election because they voted
romer v. evans - Answer-1996; declares a state cannot discriminate against an
identified group. The Court gave its ruling on May 20, 1996 against an amendment to
the Colorado state constitution that would have prevented any city, town or county in the
state from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect homosexual
citizens from discrimination on the basis of their sexual orientation.
-- colorado law violated equal protection clause
,shelby v. holder - Answer-Held that section 4b of the Voting Rights Act (1965) was
unconstitutional because it did not respect the equal sovereignty of the states. The court
found that the test established in 1965 was outdated and needed Congressional update
- 2013
- got ride of covered jurisdictions
casework - Answer-requests from constituents for information and help in dealing with
government agencies
closed rule - Answer-no amendments may be added to a bill during debate
cloture - Answer-A procedure used in the Senate to limit debate on a bill; limits to 30
additional hours; used to end filibusters; needs three-fifths majority of the Senate (sixty
votes)
conditional party government - Answer-the degree of authority delegated to and
exercised by congressional leaders varies with and is conditioned by the extent of
election-driven ideological consensus among members
conference committees - Answer-appointed to resolve difference between the house
and senate versions of bills
discharge petition - Answer-brings a bill directly to the floor without committee approval
when signed by a majority of House members
earmarks - Answer-items individual members routinely insert into spending bills or
revenue bills providing special benefits to their states, districts, and campaign
contributors
entitlements - Answer-expenditures take the form of ??? which designate specific
classes of people who are entitled to a legally defined benefit
filibuster - Answer-hold the floor making endless speeches so that no action can be
taken on the bill or anything else to try to kill bills that the majority would otherwise enact
gerrymandering - Answer-the drawing of legislative district boundaries to benefit a party,
group, or incumbent --> creates oddly shaped districts
joint committees - Answer-gather information and oversee executive agencies but do
not report legislation
majority leader - Answer-The principal partisan ally of the Speaker of the House or the
party's manager in the Senate; responsible for scheduling bills, influencing committee
assignments, and rounding up votes in behalf of the party's legislative positions
, authority - Answer-the acknowledged right to make a particular decision
bargaining - Answer-seeking an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation
between parties
bicameralism - Answer-a legislature comprised of two chambers with each holding a
veto over the other
cabinet - Answer-a team of executives elected by the legislature
coalition - Answer-a group of individuals with a common interest on which every political
party depends
collective action - Answer-action that takes place in groups and diverges from the social
norms of the situation
collective goods - Answer-goods that are collectively produced and freely available for
anyone's consumption
compromise - Answer-Settlement in which each side concedes some of its preferences
in order to secure others.
conformity costs - Answer-the difference between what any one party prefers and what
the collective body requires
constitution - Answer-establishes its governing institutions and the set of rules and
procedures these institutions must (and must not) follow to reach and enforce collective
agreements
coordination - Answer-ability to work together
direct democracy - Answer-a form of democracy in which the people vote firsthand
focal point - Answer-some prominent cue that helps individuals recognize the
preferences of others with whom they want to cooperate
free-rider problem - Answer-citizens can reap the benefits of something without actually
joining, participating in, or contributing money to such groups
government - Answer-the governing body of a nation, state, or community
initiative - Answer-process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the
ballot
institution - Answer-consist of offices that confer on their occupants specific authority
and responsibilities
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