PSCI 1100 Study Test Questions with Answers
Executive Office of the President - Answer-- A collection of agencies that help the president oversee department and agency activities,
formulate budgets and monitor spending, craft legislation, and lobby Congress
- Major components: White House Offi...
Executive Office of the President - Answer-- A collection of agencies that help the
president oversee department and agency activities,
formulate budgets and monitor spending, craft legislation, and lobby Congress
- Major components: White House Office, Office of Management and Budget (OPM),
National Security Council, and Council of Economic Advisers, among other agencies
- Important b/c help President carry out duties → has responsibility for tasks ranging
from
communicating the President's message to the American people to promoting our trade
interests abroad
Veto - Answer-- The formal power of the president to reject bills passed by both houses
of Congress →
veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote in each house
- Important because of checks and balances
- Also threat of veto against a proposed bill can be used to induce changes to it
Politicization - Answer-- Effort to get control of the bureaucracy by placing loyal political
appointees into office
(loyalist into office or multiple political appointees into office)
- Important b/c strategy to control policy making and ensure president's agenda is
carried
out
Centralization - Answer-- Pulling of agency decisions into the White House (any time
agency makes decision, run it
through the White House)
- Important b/c strategy of control for President
rulemaking - Answer-- The formal process by which agencies translate laws into
concrete public policies (process by which you make rules)
- Important b/c key part of management in public administration
Pendleton Act (1883) - Answer-- Provided federal gov jobs be rewarded on basis of
merit and employees be selected
through competitive exams
- Said employees cannot be fired for political reasons
- Important b/c set precedent of fair treatment towards all gov employees
, Red Tape - Answer-- Excessive paperwork leading to bureaucratic delay; term
originated in 17th century when
English legal and governmental documents were bound with red-colored tape
- Requirements, forms, etc. that slow down gov processes or decisions
- Important b/c lead to inefficiency in gov and often a bad public reputation as
slow/inefficient → slow down policy implementation
Iron Triangle - Answer-- A stable, mutually beneficial political relationship among a
congressional committee (or
subcommittee), an administrative agency, and organized interest groups concerned with
a
particular policy domain
- Work closely to shape policy and their shared work is more important than other forces
on the process
- Important b/c establishes relationships among most influential/informed groups to
make
them more powerful and can make the policymaking process more efficient
Marbury v. Madison - Answer-- Marbury refused to give out court appointments left over
from previous Federalist
president and Marbury sued
- Established the Court's "coequal" status among the branches of the American
government
- Judicial Department can say what law is and the Court refused to act in Marbury's
behalf,
provided a precedent that the other branches actors did not accept (after all, the Court
upheld Secretary of State Madison's action) and a rationale for the Court's broad
authority to declare acts of Congress (and of the President) unconstitutional
- Important b/c first instance of Supreme Court using judicial review
judicial activism - Answer-- The Court's ability to declare a Legislative or Executive act
in violation of the
Constitution
- Important for American democracy because the Court serves as a check on these
branches
district courts - Answer-- The trial courts of original jurisdiction in the federal judicial
system → the 94 district
courts are the third tier of the federal judicial system, below the Supreme court and the
courts of appeals
- Important b/c resolve disputes and serve as the trial courts where all federal cases
begin
Bill of Rights - Answer-- the first 10 amendments to the Constitution that guarantees
rights to citizens
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