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Child Psychopathology
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Child Psychopathology
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College aantekeningen Ontwikkelingspsychopathologie (PSMOB-3)
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Child Psychopathology Test BanksLeo Kanner used the term early infantile autism, which literally means ____ - ANSWER:
within oneself
Early theories about autism attributed the autistic child's behaviors to ____ - ANSWER:
the parent's wish that the child should not exist
A DSM-5 diagnosis of ASD will be based on ____ - ANSWER: one overarching
category
Which statement about ASD is true? - ANSWER: ASD is a neurodevelopmental
disorder.
Which statement about the social skills of children with ASD is true? - ANSWER:
Children with ASD experience profound difficulties relating to others, even when they
have average or above- average intelligence.
Children who have been diagnosed with ____ have deficits in recognizing facial
expressions - ANSWER: ASD
Joint attention refers to the ability to ____. - ANSWER: coordinate one's focus of
attention on another person and an object of mutual interest
With respect to attachment, most children with ASD ____. - ANSWER: prefer their
caregivers over unfamiliar adults
Children with ASD ____. - ANSWER: have reduced sharing of emotions
The use of protodeclarative gestures requires ____. - ANSWER: implicit understanding
and shared social attention
Critical factors contributing to the differences in how the symptoms of ASD are
manifested in children include all of
the following EXCEPT - ANSWER: the age at diagnosis and corresponding treatments
Children with ASD are most likely to use ____. - ANSWER: instrumental gestures
Echolalia in children with ASD is believed to be a(n) ____. - ANSWER: important step in
their language acquisition
,The primary language deficit of children with ASD (who develop language) is ____. -
ANSWER: pragmatics
Examples of social communication or social interaction deficits indicative of ASD include
which of the following? - ANSWER: Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity
Examples of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior indicative of ASD include which of
the following? - ANSWER: Unusual interest in sensory aspects of environment
Special cognitive skills that are above average for the general population and well
above the autistic child's own
general level of intellect are referred to as ____. - ANSWER: splinter skills
The tendency to focus on one feature of an object in the environment while ignoring
other equally important features
is called stimulus ____. - ANSWER: overselectivity
The tendency to focus on certain types of sensory input over others is called sensory
____. - ANSWER: dominance
The theory of mind hypothesis of ASD suggests that children with ASD ____. -
ANSWER: do not understand others' mental states
A person lacking central coherence ____. - ANSWER: processes information in bits and
pieces but fails to see the big picture
If you were to administer the WISC to a child with ASD, which subscale would likely
cause the child the most
difficulty? - ANSWER: Verbal comprehension subtests
Children with ASD are likely to experience problems with ____. - ANSWER: nonverbal
play
The cognitive deficit most specific to children with ASD is ____. - ANSWER: deficient
theory of mind
Many children with ASD also have ____. - ANSWER: intellectual disability and epilepsy
As many as _____% of individuals with ASD have a head size that is above average. -
ANSWER: 90
____ in some children with ASD distinguishes them from those with intellectual disability
or language disorders. - ANSWER: Abnormally large head circumference
A test in which children with ASD perform relatively well due to the nature of focusing on
details of a figure rather
, than the overall pattern would be the: - ANSWER: embedded figures test
Children with ASD and language development are most likely to show deficits in ____. -
ANSWER: spontaneous social conversation
Recent findings estimate the prevalence of ASD worldwide to be ____. - ANSWER: 1
per 68
The rise in prevalence of ASD is most likely due to ____. - ANSWER: stricter guidelines
for diagnosis
Which statement about gender differences in ASD is true? - ANSWER: ASD is more
common in boys, except among those with profound ID, where the numbers of boys and
girls are similar.
Which racial/ethnic group has the highest prevalence of ASD? - ANSWER: Non-
Hispanic white
The extreme male brain theory of ASD suggests that ____. - ANSWER: autistic brains
are more "systemizing"
The deficits of ASD become increasingly noticeable ____. - ANSWER: around 2 years
of age
The two strongest predictors of adult outcomes in children with ASD are ____. -
ANSWER: intellectual ability and language development
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that children be screened for
ASD at _______. - ANSWER: 18 months and 24 months
____ has been associated with ASD more than any other genetically based condition. -
ANSWER: Tuberous sclerosis
Family members of children with ASD display higher than normal rates of ____. -
ANSWER: language deficits
Many parents who have a child with ASD feel that the ____ in vaccines increased
number of incidences of ASD. - ANSWER: mercury
Studies of brain metabolism in individuals with ASD suggest decreased blood flow in
these two lobes. - ANSWER: Frontal and temporal
A step-by-step approach that first increases the child's vocalizations and then teaches
imitation of sounds and words,
the meanings of words, labeling objects, making verbal requests, and expressing
desires is better known as: - ANSWER: operant speech training
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