identifying and describing individuals with autism
neurobehavioral syndrome marked by qualitative imp
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Identifying and Describing Individuals with Autism
Identifying and Describing Individuals with Autism
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Identifying and Describing Individuals
with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Neurobehavioral syndrome marked by qualitative impairments of: - Answer- -
Socialization
-Communication
-Sensory Processing
-Restricted interests and/or repetitive patterns of behavior
Socialization Deficits - Answer- -Being oblivious to presence of others
-Showing disregard for social conventions
-Failing to orient to another's voice
-Lack of joint attention and social referencing
-Having few reciprocal relationships
-Preferring to share only facts about favorite topics
Communication Deficit - Answer- -Absent or delayed verbal language
-Failure to use alternate forms of communication
-Difficulty understanding non-literal language
-Impairments in non-verbal communication
-Using others as tools
-Echolalia
-Pronoun reversal
Echolalia - Answer- meaningless repetition of another person's spoken words
Sensory Processing Deficits - Answer- -Unusual responses to sensory stimuli
-Hyposensitivity or hypersensitivity to each of 7 sensory systems
-Stereotypical or unusual behaviors associated with sensory deficits
Interests and Activities - Answer- -Unusual interests that are few in number
-Interest in parts of objects or isolated facts
-Perseveration during favorite activities
-Repetitive motor movements
-Insistence on sameness
T/F: Children with ASD will have the same challenges and deficits. - Answer- False.
No two children with ASD will have the same challenges and deficits.
, T/F: With success of early intervention, there is a push to identify children with ASD
early. - Answer- True.
T/F: All of behaviors associated with autism are demonstrated by people without
autism at some time. - Answer- True. This makes diagnosing ASD difficult.
Parents generally notice key indicators first: - Answer- -Lack of babbling, pointing or
gestures by 12 months
-Absence of words by 16 months
-Little to no joint attention
T/F: There is a biological marker or medical test to diagnose ASD. - Answer- False.
No biological marker or medical test to diagnose ASD.
ASD is a _______________ defined disorder. - Answer- behaviorally
What is diagnosis based on? - Answer- direct observations of the child and by
interviewing those familiar with the child
Europe and other countries use which definition of ASD? - Answer- International
Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10)
ICD-10 definition states that the presence of impaired or abnormal development
occur before what age? - Answer- before the age of 3
ICD-10 definition states that the presence of impaired or abnormal development
must occur in 3 areas: - Answer- -reciprocal social interaction
-communication
-restricted, stereotyped, repetitive behavior.
IDEA 1990 definition - Answer- A developmental disability significantly affecting
verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction that adversely affects
academic performance.
According to IDEA 1990, ASD must have a general onset of what age? - Answer-
before the age of 3
Does apply if educational performance is adversely affected by ED in the IDEA 1990
definition of ASD? - Answer- No
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) - Answer- -Main classification system used
internationally
-Created by group of psychiatrists, psychologists and physicians with expertise in
this area
What was the first edition of the DSM to include Autism as a sub-type of a larger
neurodevelopmental spectrum called Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). -
Answer- DSM-III (1987):
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