MICR130 MODULE 9 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What do hyaluronidase and kinase have in common? - Answer-They are both enzymes involved in evading host defense..
How are immune cells able to detect foreign pathogens? - Answer-They are able to detect structures on the surfaces of foreign cells tha...
What do hyaluronidase and kinase have in common? - Answer-They are both enzymes
involved in evading host defense..
How are immune cells able to detect foreign pathogens? - Answer-They are able to
detect structures on the surfaces of foreign cells that are not found in the host.
How does a capsule help certain bacteria evade detection by the immune system? -
Answer-The capsule is composed of polysaccharides that are similar to those found in
the host; thus, the immune system does not recognize it as foreign.
Which of the following microorganisms actually grows inside the macrophage? -
Answer-Tuberculosis bacterium
What are leukocidins? - Answer-Molecules that are capable of destroying phagocytes.
Measles viruses are capable of inactivating host defenses by? - Answer-suppressing
the immune system.
Meningitis and gonorrhea are caused by? - Answer-Neisseria species.
How do superantigens enable pathogens to hide from the immune system if they
actually stimulate the immune system? - Answer-They cause the immune system to
produce an exaggerated response, distracting it from the actual pathogen.
How can capsules enable bacteria to evade the immune system? - Answer-Capsules
block the complement biding sites on the surface of the pathogen.
Endotoxins are also known as? - Answer-Lipid A.
When would endotoxins be released from a bacterial cell? - Answer-When the cell dies
An exotoxin that has the ability to kill or damage host cells is referred to as a(n) -
Answer-cytotoxin.
A person who attended a picnic early in the day develops a very high fever and is
unresponsive by the evening. This person most likely has been exposed to a(n) -
Answer-superantigen.
, A patient who has been hospitalized with uncontrolled muscle spasms has probably
been infected with bacteria that secrete a(n) - Answer-neurotoxin.
In mice, the LD50 for staphylococcal enterotoxin is 1350 ng/kg, and the LD50 for Shiga
toxin is 250 ng/kg. Which of the following statements is true? - Answer-Shiga toxin is
more lethal than staphylococcal enterotoxin.
Which of the following would be an example of an infection initiated via the parenteral
route? - Answer-An individual contracts hepatitis B from an accidental stick with a
contaminated needle.
Which statement regarding endotoxins is true? - Answer-One consequence of
endotoxins is the activation of blood-clotting proteins.
Which type of bacterial enzyme helps spread Streptococcus pyogenes by digesting
blood clots? - Answer-fibrinolysin.
In which of the following cases would the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay be
used? - Answer-to ensure that a sterilized medical device is free of endotoxin.
Which of the following statements about adherence is true? - Answer-Most bacterial
adhesins are glycoproteins or lipoproteins.
Which of the following toxins and does NOT match the description? - Answer-Vibrio
enterotoxin: a superantigen that destroys epithelial cells.
Which disease would be potentially propagated in an environment without functional
plumbing and in which drinking water is contaminated with sewage? - Answer-cholera.
Which of the following statements about lysogenic conversion is true? - Answer-
Exotoxin production by bacteria is frequently the result of a lysogenic infection.
Which of the following features of Salmonella prevent it from being phagocytosed? -
Answer-Flagella.
Where do Salmonella pathogens grow and replicate in the infected host? - Answer-
Inside phagocytes.
Given that the LD50 for staphylococcal enterotoxin is 1350 ng/kg and the LD50for Shiga
toxin is 250 ng/kg in mice, which of the following statements is true? - Answer-A much
larger dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin is needed to cause symptoms, compared to
that of Shiga toxin.
If an A-B toxin is missing its A component it cannot cause an intoxication because ____.
- Answer-the toxin does not have enzymatic activity.
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