A photovoltaic cell or device converts sunlight to ___ correct answers DC electrical energy
PV systems operating in parallel with the electric utility system are commonly referred to as ___ systems correct answers interactive
PV systems operating independently of other power systems are commo...
a photovoltaic cell or device converts sunlight to
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A photovoltaic cell or device converts sunlight to ___ correct answers DC electrical energy
PV systems operating in parallel with the electric utility system are commonly referred to as ___
systems correct answers interactive
PV systems operating independently of other power systems are commonly referred to as ___
systems correct answers stand alone
photovoltaic applications for spacecraft, remoted power and portable equipment would be
considered what type of systems? correct answers stand alone
While PV cells produce only ___ power, PV systems can produce ___ power correct answers
DC, AC, or both
Balance of system components typically include which of the following? correct answers wiring,
conduit, switchgear, and overcurrent protection
Most PV modules produced and installed today are what type of collector? correct answers Flat
plate
Concentrating PV arrays use ___ or ___ to focus the suns power on a smaller area correct
answers mirror or lenses
A primary distinction between PV systems and fossil-fueled power plants or engine generators is
that PV systems ___ correct answers produce free electricity,
convert a basic form of energy directly to electricity,
require no maintenance
Compared to conventional power generating equipment, PV systems have relatively ___ life and
require ___ maintenance correct answers long/low
List three desirable features of PV systems correct answers clean no emissions, no moving parts,
free and renewable fuel source
In addition to using a free, renewable fuel source, what are two key environmental benefits of PV
systems? correct answers renewable energy, no noise, no pollution
List at least three limitations of PV systems correct answers off grid
The first markets for PV systems were comprised largely of ___ applications correct answers
comprised
List two advantages of distributed power generation correct answers less transmission and
distribution losses utility back up
, List the three main components of the electric utility system correct answers generation,
transmission, and distribution
PV systems can be installed by almost anyone with little training correct answers false
The first terrestrial applications for photovoltaics were ___ correct answers telecommunication
systems
List six characteristics of qualified PV system installers or contractors correct answers page 16
list
The first practical silicon solar cell was made in ___ correct answers 1954
List four types of small electronics devices that may use photovoltaic cells for primary power or
battery charging correct answers cell phones, calculations, radios, GPS receivers
Solar power is commonly expressed in units of ___ correct answers watts per square meter
Solar energy is commonly expressed in units of ___ correct answers watts per square meter or
kilowatts per square meter
Which of the following terms may be used to describe solar? correct answers isolation,
irradiance, peak sun hours
Solar power is used to estimate the ___ correct answers instantaneous output of PV modules and
arrays
peak sun hour data is used for estimating the ___ correct answers energy output of PV modules
and arrays over time
The peak solar irradiance incident on the earths surface is approximately ___ of the
extraterrestrial irradiance correct answers 73%
List three atmospheric effects on solar radiation correct answers scattering, reflection, and
absorbtion
Air mass (AM) is a representation of the ___ correct answers relative distance of atmosphere that
radiation must travel through to reach the earths surface
The solar zenith angle is the angle between the ___ correct answers sun and point in the sky
directly overhead
list three factors affecting air mass correct answers Time of day, time of year, altitude and
latitude
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