CFE Exam - Fraud Prevention and Deterrence Questions and Answers
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What did BF Skinner say is the least effective method of changing behavior?
o :## Punishment because The behavior continues as soon as the punishment is
discontinued
How is behavior most effectively modified?
o :## Managing and modifying desires through reinforcement (replacing
destructive b...
CFE Exam - Fraud Prevention and Deterrence Questions
and Answers
What did BF Skinner say is the least effective method of changing behavior?
o :## Punishment because The behavior continues as soon as the punishment is
discontinued
How is behavior most effectively modified?
o :## Managing and modifying desires through reinforcement (replacing
destructive behaviors with productive ones)
What are the two different types of reinforcement?
o :## Positive and negative
What is negative reinforcement?
o :## With drawl a negative stimulus in exchange for the response
What is positive reinforcement?
o :## Present a positive stimulus in exchange for the desired response
What does punishment involve?
o :## Either applying a negative stimulus or withdrawing a positive stimulus
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How does punishment work?
o :## By providing negative consequences. For example and ministry in penalties
and taking away desirables
What does Skinner say about conditioning?
o :## We can condition incompatible behavior that interferes with a persons
usually acts by encouraging the improper behaviors opposite (rewarding a for
child controlling outbursts)
What can you do to condition fraudsters?
o :## Reward honesty, openness, and cooperation
What is the theory of differential association?
o :## deviance is learned behavior that results from continual exposure to others
who violate norms;
What are the main points of theory of differential association? Edwin Sutherland
o :## 1. Criminal behavior is learned
2. Acquired through communication and personal groups
3. Learning differs from pure invitation
4. Criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values
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5. Motives and drives are learned from definitions of legal codes as being favorable or
unfavorable
What is social control theory?
o :## A persons chances of violating the law are increased when a person fails to
become attached to the variety of control agencies of the society
Under social control theory, what are people likely to ask themselves when possibly
violating the law?
o :## What will my spouse or my mother or father think if they find out?
Under social control theory, what deters people from committing criminal acts?
o :## People whose opinion or important to them will be disappointed or shamed.
They feel deeply about what these people think
What does differential reinforcement theory state?
o :## Criminal behavior is begun or persists depending on the degree that is being
rewarded or punished, as well as the rewards or punishments attached to his
alternative
What does differential reinforcement theory say about behavior?
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o :## Behavior is reinforced with positive rewards are gained or punishment is
avoided
What type of behavior is differential reinforcement theory?
o :## Learned behavior
What is white collar crime?
o :## The violators position of economic power, influence, or trust in a legitimate
economic or political institution order for the purpose of illegal gain
What is organizational opportunity?
o :## Organization and complexity make a larger different then the offenders
social status
What are some aspects of trials of punishment for white collar defendants?
o :## 1. White collar defendants are more likely to insist on a trial
2. The higher the social status, the more likely to be imprisoned
3. Offenders want fined rather than prison
4. The higher the status of the higher the penalty
What factors are contributing to the rise of white-collar crime?
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