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Saylor Academy Psych101 Questions and Answers

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Eugenics Founder o :## Galton Walter Cannon o :## fight or flight Solomon Asch o :## Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match lines. They said lines matched just to conform Genomic imprinting o :## Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of...

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  • 2 september 2024
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Saylor Academy Psych101 Questions and
Answers
Eugenics Founder


o :## Galton




Walter Cannon


o :## fight or flight




Solomon Asch


o :## Conducted famous conformity experiment that required subjects to match

lines. They said lines matched just to conform




Genomic imprinting


o :## Phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-

specific manner. If the allele inherited from the father is imprinted, it is thereby

silenced, and only the allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the

mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is expressed.




counterconditioning

,2024/2025 2|Page


o :## A behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that

trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning. Includes exposure

therapies and aversive conditioning.




Antabuse (disulfiram)


o :## a drug that interferes with the metabolization of alcohol, making the drinker

violently ill. Helps alcoholics




Applied Behavior Analysis


o :## ABA - the use of operant conditioning principles to change human behavior.

reward positive behavior, negative response to negative behavior




Systematic desensitization (+ founder)


o :## Wolpe - keep exposing to stimulus




Functionalism (+ founder)


o :## William James. Darwinian explains mental states and behaviors by the ways

they help an organism fit an environment. *Free will*




Structuralism

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o :## Theory of consciousness developed by Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Bradford

Titchener. how do parts of brain contribute to consciousness? systematic study of

the anatomy of the brain




Developmental noise


o :## A concept within developmental biology in which phenotype varies between

individuals even though both the genotypes and the environmental factors are the

same for all of them; human fingerprints provide a well-known example; the

fingerprints differ even between genetically identical human twins.




Gene-environment interaction


o :## Genes are not "set in stone; the expression of genes in an organism can be

influenced by the environment, including the external world in which the organism

is located or develops, as well as the organism's internal world, which includes such

factors as its hormones and metabolism.




Pure experiment


o :## only experimental design that can establish cause and effect relationship.

Three criteria must be met in a true experiment: 1) Control group and experimental

group, 2) Researcher-manipulated variable, 3) Random assignment




Negative correlation

, 2024/2025 4|Page


o :## When two variables have an inverse relationship; as one variable increases, the

other decreases.




Psychoanalysis


o :## includes dream interpretation and free association.




Cognitivism


o :## Study focusing on mental processes, including how people perceive, think,

remember, learn, solve problems, and direct their attention to one stimulus rather

than another. Psychologists working from a cognitivist perspective, then, seek to

understand cognition.




Q: What famous psychologist decided nearly 100 years ago that psychology should be

defined as the scientific study of behavior?


o :## Watson




Schizophrenia deficits and treatment


o :## Affects 1% of the population. psych meds. Decrease in episodic memory,

working memory, behavior regulation, processing speed, social cognition




Q: The best way to explain the complex gene-environment interaction is with the concept

of...

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