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PS 307 Exam | Questions with complete solutions A variable for which there is an infinite number of values between any two points on the scale is a ________ variable. a) Discrete b) Ratio c) Continuous d) Confounding A medical researcher interested in asthma symptoms wanted to know how symptoms w...

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a variable for which there is an infinite number
of values between any two points on the scale is a

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PS 307 Exam

A variable for which there is an infinite number of values between any two points on the
scale is a ________ variable.

a) Discrete
b) Ratio
c) Continuous
d) Confounding

A medical researcher interested in asthma symptoms wanted to know how symptoms
were affected in dry versus humid conditions. The researchers recruited 18 asthma
patients to spend four weeks under two conditions: sleeping with a dehumidifier for two
weeks to create a "dry" environment and sleeping with a humidifier for the remaining
two weeks to create a "humid" environment. Patients were asked to rate their symptoms
at regular intervals using a scale from "0 - no symptoms" to "20 - maximum asthma
symptoms." The change in asthma symptoms from dry to humid conditions was 5.82,
showing an advantage for humid conditions. What was the sample in this study?

a) change in responses on the scale of 5.82 on average
b) four weeks, with two weeks under each condition
c) 18 asthma patients
d) two sleeping conditions, dry and humid

In a between-groups research design, each participant experiences:

a) one, and only one, level of the independent variable
b) all levels of the independent variable
c) one level of the independent variable and the control variable
d) measurement before and after exposure to the independent variable

A researcher studies year in college, first through fourth year, and its relation to
academic motivation. To get the most detail out of her measures, she assesses each
student in both the fall and spring semesters of each their four years in school. She
finds that students have increasingly higher motivation from their first to fourth year, with
a trailing off in the last semester. What is the dependent variable in this study?

a) year in school
b) semester in school
c) academic motivation
d) time of year in which the assessment was completed

Hypothesis testing refers to:

,a) drawing conclusions about whether a particular relation between variables is
supported by evidence
b) the direct manipulation of an independent variable in an attempt to assess its effects
on a dependent variable
c) summarizing data using descriptive statistics
d) measuring a variable of interest using an operational definition

What is the correct method for calculating a percentage?

a) Divide the total number of participants by the total number of participants in a group
and then multiply by 100
b) Divide the total number of participants in a group by the total number of participants
and then multiply by 100
c) Subtract the total number of participants in a group from the total number of
participants and then multiply by 100
d) Add the total number of participants in all groups and divide by 100

Use the following table to answer this question: This table represents some fictional
data for pet ownership. Imagine that pet owners were asked simply, "How many pets
live in your home?"
Pets, Frequency
1, 42
2, 39
3, 25
4, 16
5, 9
6, 12
7, 5
8, 2

If the average U.S. household has four members, how many pet owners in this sample
have more animals than people living in their homes?

a) 28
b) 16
c) 9
d) 44
all are correct

Use the table below to answer this question:

This table represents some fictional data for pet ownership. Imagine that pet owners
were asked simply, "How many pets live in your home?"
Pets, Frequency
1, 42
2, 39

, 3, 25
4, 16
5, 9
6, 12
7, 5
8, 2

What percentage of pet owners in this sample have between three and five pets (round
to the nearest whole number)?

a) 29%
b) 33%
c) 11%
d) 18%

A bell-shaped curve is similar to all but which type of distribution?

a) symmetric
b) normal
c) unimodal
d) positively skewed

Use the graph below to answer this question.
Graph description:
This polygon represents a fictional distribution of ages for speed-daters. The researcher
wanted to know how many people in their 20s attended such events. The polygon
shows the number of people ranging in age from 20 to 29.

How many speed-daters were 26 years old?

a) 5
b) 7
c) 6
d) 4

This figure depicts the results of a study by Ahluwalia et al. (2006) investigating the
effects of two types of gum (placebo or nicotine) and two types of counseling
(educational or motivational) in helping people to stop smoking.

What is the difference between the data depicted in Figure A and the data depicted in
Figure B?

a) Figure A does not graph the same independent variables as Figure B
b) Figure A does not graph the same dependent variable as Figure B
c) The bars in Figure A are taller, representing greater proportions, than those in Figure
B

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