Unit 5 Patho MN551, Unit 4 Patho, Unit3Patho, Unit2 MN551 patho, Unit 1 MN
551 Patho Exam With Complete Solutions
Which of the following individuals is at risk for the development of edema? Answer An
81-year-old man with right-sided heart failure and hypothyroidism
A 68-year-old man with end-stage small cell lung cancer has been experiencing severe,
visible body wasting over the last several weeks. His family is distressed by his lack of
interest in food. Which of the following best explains the patient's anorexia and cachexia?
Products of the tumor itself, as well as a hypermetabolic state, cause cachexia
Which of the following statements best describes one aspect of respiratory pressures
that control ventilation?
Choices: -Answer Negative intrapleural pressure maintains the attachment of the lung to
the chest wall
Thrombopoietin increased - Choice A A 5-year-old girl, subsequent to a course of
measles, began to show Bruising over many areas of the body and was found to have
ITP-immune thrombocytopenic purpura. She underwent blood work as part of her
workup. Which of the following laboratory results is likely to be unexpected for the health
care team?
Which of the following conditions related to the change from fetal to perinatal circulation
would most likely require medical attention? - Answer Pulmonary vascular resistance,
due to the regression of muscle in the pulmonary arteries, increases throughout the first
week of the infant's life.
Of the following nephron locations which is the Bowman Space
For a 51 year old female patient who is 2 days postop on a surgical unit of a hospital and
at risk for developing atelectasis as a result of being largely immobile Which of the
following teaching points by her nurse practitioner is most appropriate
,Question choices: - Response "You should breathe deeply and cough to help your lungs
expand as much as possible while you're in bed."
A 66-year-old patient's echocardiogram indicates a hypertrophied left ventricle, normal
chamber volume, and a normal ejection fraction from the heart. What is this patient's
most likely diagnosis? - Response Aortic valve stenosis
"Stem cells can be used as a source of reserve cells for the whole blood production
system."-Answer A couple expecting their first child has been informed by friends that
they should consider harvesting umbilical cord blood in order to have a source of stem
cells in the future. The couple has requested this and approached their nurse
practitioner; they would like clarification on precisely why stem cells are valuable and
what they might expect to gain from harvesting them. How can the nurse practitioner best
respond to the couple's inquiry?
A child possesses a particular trait, brought about by the action in combination of two
different genes acting, neither of which on its own would have been able to determine the
trait. Which of the following best describes correctly the genetic explanation? - Answer
The effect is due to the interaction of collaborative genes.
A 55-year-old male comes to his nurse practitioner with complaints of getting up three or
four times a night to void and often experiencing a sudden urge to void during the
daytime with little warning. What is this man's most likely diagnosis, along with a
possible underlying pathophysiologic problem? Answer Overactive bladder that may
result from both neurogenic and myogenic sources
Because the patient is dehydrated, his epithelial cells are not making enough mucus.
Therefore, the patient's mucociliary blanket is insufficient. Which of the following
changes would the care provider most reasonably expect as a direct result of this
change? - Answer Increased amounts of bacteria in the lungs. The major function of the
mucociliary blanket is to filter out foreign particles and bacteria and thereby prevent their
passage into the lungs. Poor ciliary activity would obviously lead to a poor mucociliary
blanket, but a converse causality is hardly possible. An eventual drop in oxygen and rise
in carbon dioxide can occur, but it cannot be termed a direct or immediate result.
An 81-year-old female resident of a long-term care facility has a medical history of
congestive heart failure. The nurse practitioner managing her care has placed the patient
, in a position where she is sitting up at an angle in bed and is assessing her jugular
venous distention. Why would jugular venous distention be a good indicator to assess
the status of the patient? -Answer Blood backs up into the jugular vein due to the lack of
valves at the site of entrance to the heart.
Bacterial - Answer Sputum samples from a patient with pneumonia contain an infective
agent that possesses a peptidoglycan cell wall, produces endotoxins, easily replicates in
both broth and agar, grows in clusters, possesses pili, and does not stain after exposure
to crystal violet. Infection with this type of pneumonia is most likely:
A 45-year-old patient who had exposure to radiation in an industrial accident several
years ago is under examination. Which of the following phenomena may underlie the
genetic changes that have been noted in the patient? - Answer Base pairs may have been
rearranged by the radiation exposure.
Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly - Answer A child has been diagnosed with thalassemia.
Which of the following other health problems is the child at risk for?
Which of the following pregnant women has most likely encountered the greatest
increase in the risk that her child will have a fetal anomaly? - Answer A woman who has
herpes simplex and recently recovered from endocarditis
Of the following, which would be at significant risk of developing the prerenal form of
acute renal failure? - Answer A 22-year-old male who has lost a large amount of blood
due to an injury he suffered in the workplace
This care team is based on the diagnostic workup of a male patient with complex
cardiovascular history. He needs a record of electrical activity of his heart, insight into
metabolism of his myocardium, and physical measurements and imaging of his heart.
Which series of tests below is most likely to provide needed data for his diagnosis and
care? Answer Echocardiogram, PET scan, ECG
A woman is needing supplemental oxygen via facemask because of her poor lung
compliance. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes is most likely to be
contributing to this patient's low lung compliance? - Answer Her thoracic cage is less
flexible than when she was healthy.
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