100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na betaling Zowel online als in PDF Je zit nergens aan vast
logo-home
NUR 2063: Pathophysiology Final Exam Study Guide: Updated APlus Guide Solution €7,91   In winkelwagen

Tentamen (uitwerkingen)

NUR 2063: Pathophysiology Final Exam Study Guide: Updated APlus Guide Solution

 10 keer bekeken  0 keer verkocht
  • Vak
  • Instelling

what is jaundice? (Ans - green yellow staining of tissues from increased level of bilirubin as the liver cannot metabolize extra bilirubin. Found on eyes, skin, and mouth. present with liver disease What is ascites? (Ans - pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity due to th...

[Meer zien]

Voorbeeld 4 van de 39  pagina's

  • 5 september 2024
  • 39
  • 2024/2025
  • Tentamen (uitwerkingen)
  • Vragen en antwoorden
avatar-seller
NUR 2063: Pathophysiology Final Exam
Study Guide
what is jaundice?
(Ans - green yellow staining of tissues from increased level of bilirubin as
the liver cannot metabolize extra bilirubin. Found on eyes, skin, and mouth.
present with liver disease

What is ascites?
(Ans - pathological accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity due to the
loss of albumin in the liver, causing fluid to be free amongst the cells. It can
cause a lot of pain in the abdomen, and it must be drained with a
parenthesis

What is hepatic encephalopathy?
(Ans - neuropsychiatric syndrome from too much ammonia in the blood as
the liver cannot break it down. Dementia=ammonia and psychotic
symptoms common along with jerking

What is portal hypertension?
(Ans - Increased pressure in the portal venous system from a build-up of
portal vein pressure due to progressive hepatic fibrosis which increases
hepatic resistance

What is esophageal varices?
(Ans - a complication of portal hypertension resulting from alcoholism or
hepatitis. Causes the vessels in the esophagus to become dilated and
bleed, and the rupturing can be forceful enough for one to bleed out

How do we treat esophageal varices?
(Ans - reduce the hypertension, banding the varices to prevent rupturing
and bleeding by cutting of the flow with a band

,What role does albumin play in the blood?
(Ans - Albumin helps keep fluid in the blood stream and in cells so it does
not leak into other tissues. It can also carry other substances in the body

What happens to albumin during liver failure?
(Ans - leads to low albumin levels, causing edema in the extremities and
buildup of fluid in abdomen called ascites from fluid leaking through the
cells and vessels into the tissues

Three functions of the kidneys
(Ans - elimination, excretion, regulation

Explain elimination
(Ans - discharge of waste (urine) from the body

Explain Excretion
(Ans - removal of organic wastes from the blood

Explain regulation
(Ans - regulating blood volume, ion concentration, blood pH and nutrients

Manifestations of renal disorders
(Ans - Pain: usually in the back-flank area, felt at the CVA angle when one
palpates with a closed fist and it causes the client tenderness. Pain upon
micturition

What are abnormal urinalysis findings?
(Ans - dark, strong smelling urine could denote decreased renal function,
infection or dehydration, cloudy urine could denote infection or high WBC
count. Ketones or glucose suggest diabetes, and proteinuria

Normal GFR
(Ans - 125 mL/min

,Normal urine output per hour
(Ans - 30 mL/hr

What is polycystic kidney disease?
(Ans - a congenital abnormality of the kidney that is genetically transmitted,
and it results in fluid filled cysts on one or both kidneys that can lead to
renal failure, needing dialysis, or kidney transplantation

What causes polycystic kidney disease?
(Ans - genetics

Explain nephron
(Ans - in the kidney and helps to filter blood and remove waste products.
The kidney has 1-2 million of them

Explain hematuria
(Ans - blood found in the urine not due to menstruation

Explain proteinuria
(Ans - protein found in the urine

What is nephrolithiasis?
(Ans - kidney stones that obstruct the ureters and kidneys. Usually made of
calcium and can cause urinary stasis and pain

What is pyelonephritis?
(Ans - infected and inflamed kidney, usually caused by e.coli from the lower
urinary tract that ascends

Explain how to assess for pyelonephritis
(Ans - Percussion at the CVA noting tenderness, pain when urinating, low
GFR, concentrated urine with things in urine

, s/s of pyelonephritis
(Ans - CVA tenderness most common, fever, chills, N/V, anorexia or not
willing to eat, flank pain

What is cystitis?
(Ans - inflammation of the bladder (UTI)

How to prevent pyelonephritis
(Ans - remove catheters as early as possible to prevent infection as it can
spread

s/s of acute kidney injury (AKI)
(Ans - low urine output, concentrated urine, low GFR, high BUN/CRE,
sudden reduction in kidney function

3 Causes of AKI
(Ans - Prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal

explain pre renal causes of AKI
(Ans - disruption in renal perfusion and blood flow. It can cause low blood
pressure, low blood volume, heart failure, renal artery obstruction, fever,
vomiting, diarrhea, burns that lead to dehydration, Drugs such as ACE
inhibitors or angiotensin 2 blockers, NSAIDs that can drop the blood
pressure or cause bleeding

Explain intrarenal causes of AKI
(Ans - damage or disruptions within the kidney blood vessels, tubules, or
glomeruli. It can cause reduced blood supply within the kidneys, toxic injury
with medications, chemo, and contrast medias, renal inflammation, or
prolonged prostate/ stones/ in the post renal stage

Explain postrenal causes of AKI
(Ans - caused by an obstruction in the urinary collecting system, urethra,
bladder, or ureters due to stone, tumor, or enlarged prostate that results in
elevated pressure in the Bowman's capsule that impedes glomerular

Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.

Focus op de essentie

Focus op de essentie

Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper Joy100. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €7,91. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 72042 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Start met verkopen
€7,91
  • (0)
  Kopen