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Digital Convergence -:- - Intersection of: o digital format (writing, sound, pictures) o media technologies with computers (books, tv) o corporations that deal with these situations (Disney, Apple) o social processes that deal with these (news, education, entertainment - Allows for the c...

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  • 6 september 2024
  • 48
  • 2024/2025
  • Tentamen (uitwerkingen)
  • Vragen en antwoorden

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2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!



RTF305 Finals Questions & 100% Correct
Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed
Digital Convergence


✓ -:- - Intersection of:

✓ o digital format (writing, sound, pictures)

✓ o media technologies with computers (books, tv)

✓ o corporations that deal with these situations (Disney, Apple)

✓ o social processes that deal with these (news, education, entertainment




- Allows for the collaboration of different types of media forms in a new digital format


- Ex. Smartphone




Economic Convergence


✓ -:- - The notion that globalization will result in the world's poorer countries

gradually catching up *with more advanced economies

- (explanation during the review session) global economy, free trade of nations




Conglomeration




1|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!

✓ -:- - Big businesses or corporations that own seemingly unrelated holdings. They

are made up of diverse parts from across several media industries and are involved

in multiple areas of business activity.

- Ex. Disney (combined multiple parts of business from movie to storybook to theme parks)




Evolution to an information society


✓ -:- - The evolution and progression of communication formats through time:

- Oral communication (pre-agricultural) >> Written/Print communication (agricultural) >>

Mass communication (industrial) >> Digital (information)




Oral Communication


✓ -:- - Pre-agricultural society, was bound by time and space. prevalent in pre-

agricultural societies of hunters and gatherers who depended on spoken word to

communicate within the community. Stories were passed down through

generations by the power of speech and memory. Because these societies were

small and community-based, communication did not need to transcend the realms

of space and time. Today stories that originated as oral communication exist in

fairytales and folktales.




Written Communication




2|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!

✓ -:- - When agricultural societies developed they became more settled and

complex. Many were still illiterate but those who were literate, mostly the upper

class, could use writing as an easier way to preserve stories than oral

communication. Writing, unlike the spoken word can more easily transcend time

and space boundaries. At this time, The Bible and the Koran were copied by hand

and had a large influence as some of the first written works.




Industrial society and communication


✓ -:- - The Industrial Revolution extended Gutenberg's methods to the manufacture

of not just newsprint, but virtually all types of goods. Industrial production ( and

higher wages) was centered in large cities, triggering a mass migration from rural

areas to cities and from agricultural jobs to manufacturing. Growing urban

populations with money to spend on manufactured goods provided ready audiences

as newspapers expanded to become the first advertising supported medium of mass

communication.




Impact of Digital Media on Society


✓ -:- - The media and society have always adapted to one another.

- The first consumer communications medium to be digitilized was the telephone.




First copy costs & Marginal costs



3|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

, 2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!

✓ -:- - First copy costs a lot

- Especially "blockbuster" films, but others too


- Marginal costs for manufactured copies, "no" cost when digital




Economies of Scale


✓ -:- - When a large firm can produce a lot of units at a low cost when smaller firms

cannot compete

- Result when unit costs go down as production quantities increase (definition from book)




Vertical & Horizontal integration


✓ -:- - Vertical- When a company with the same owner handles different aspects of a

business (within the same industry), such as film production and distribution

- Horizontal- The concentration of ownership by acquiring companies that are all the same

business




Cross-Ownership


✓ -:- - When one firm owns different media outlets in the same area to limit/control

competition (i.g clear channel)




Monopoly, Oligopoly, & Duopoly


4|Page | Grade A+| 2024/2025

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