NPLEX II Pharmacology
Amoxicillin with clavulanate - SE: Nausea, headache risk of yeast.
Use: Strep ear infection
Interactions:
CI: ALLERGY to penicillin
Mechanism: Beta-Lactam antibiotic with beta-lactamase inhibitor.
Allopurinol - SE: itch, rash. When injected: vomiting and kidney.
Use: Preventing uric acid and gout, as well as use in crohn's and tumor lysis.
Interactions: Inactivates azathiprine. didanosine.
CI: DO NOT START DURING GOUT
Mechanism: Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
5-fluorouracil - SE: Inflammation of mouth, loss of appetite, low blood cells, inflammation of skin,
hair loss.
Use: Cancer, Actinic Keratosis, BCC
Interactions/CI: Don't use in pregnancy, bone marrow suppression.
,Mechanism: Antimetabolite, pyrimidine analog.
Delivery: Injectable for cancer, cream for actinic keratosis, BCC.
Amantadine - SE: CNS such as anxiety and difficulty swallowing. , seizures.
Use: Anti viral, but mostly anti-parkinson
Interactions: Used in tandem with L-Dopa for parkinsons, Interacts with HCT, anti depressents.
Mechanism: Antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptor, increases dopamine and blocks reuptake.
Delivery:
Amiodarone - SE: Liver issues, arrhythmias, vision, thyroid and teeth issues. Wolff Chaikoff due to
iodine content.
Use: Antiarrhythmic for VT, VF, and AF.
Interactions: Danger with digitalis. . Potentiates Warfarin, CP450. No use with cyclosporine, flecainide,
procainamide etc.
Contraindicated: with Sinus nodal bradycardia, atrioventricular block and secondary or tertiary block
without a pacemaker.
Mechanism: Increases time before heart cells can contract. Phase 3 prolongs refractory period at SA and
AV node.
Acyclovir - SE: Nausea, diarrhoea, safe in pregnancy, low platelets.
Use: Antivirals for HSV, shingles, cytomegalovirus, epstien Barr.
,Interactions: synergy with ketoconazole. Probenecid extends. Same with interferon and zidovudine.
C/I:
Mechanism: analog of guanisine, decreases viral DNA.
Adalimumab - SE: Increases risk of infections, blood disorders, lymphoma, cancer, liver injury.
Use: Used in RA, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, crohn's UC.
Interactions: doubles effect of methotrexate.
CI: Infections
Mechanism: TNF inhibiting anti-inflammatory biologic.
Adefovir - SE: Kidney toxicity in high dosages. Lactic acidosis
Use: Chronic Hep B. HSV
Interactions:
CI: Kidney disease
Mechanism: blocks reverse transcriptase.
Albendazole - SE: Nausea, abdominal pain, headache, bone marrow suppression, Pregnancy.
Use: Treats worms like giardia, pinworm, etx... Broad antihelmnthic.
, Interactions: Carbazepine, phenytoin and pehnobarbital lower concentration. Antacids boost.
CI: Allergy
Mechanism: benzimadazole
Albuterol (inhaled) - SE: Heart racing. Shakiness, headache, bronchospasm, arrythmea
Use: Asthma, exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.
Interactions: Beta blockers, dioxin, diuretics, epi.
CI:
Mechanism: Short acting Beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Relaxes smooth muscles.
Alendronate - SE: Must take fasting. Inflammation of GI tract, ulcers, esophageal cancer.
Use: Osteoperosis
Interactions: Decreased with calcium and magnesium. Increased ulcers with NSAID.
CI: cannot stand.
Mechanism: bisphosphonate. Inhibits osteoclast bone resorption.
Alprostadil - SE: Apnea in infanct.
