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Behavior Modification
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Behavior Modification
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TEST BANK For Behavior Modification: What It Is andHow To Do It, 12th Edition by Martin & Pear
A psychologist wants to observe the tantruming behavior of a child. The tantrums
usually occur in the classroom, but the psychologist does not have access to the
classroom so she observes the child in a room that resembles a classroom. This
would be an example of a(an) _______ setting - ANSWER:analogue
When is it necessary to conduct a functional analysis? - ANSWER:find functional
relationship
Brian has been teaching his son to shoot a basketball correctly. Initially, Brian
lowered the backboard and used a smaller ball to increase the chances his son would
shoot the ball in a proper way. Once his son begins having success, Brian begins to
raise the backboard and use a larger ball. This is an example of: - ANSWER:within
stimulus prompt fading
Which of the following processes weakens operant behavior? - ANSWER:extinction,
punishment
Whenever Tony puts money into a pop machine, he gets a can of pop. Tony never
gets pop out of the machine when he does not put money in. This is an example of
_________ existing between putting money in the machine and getting pop out. -
ANSWER:contingency
Andrew wants to play baseball with his friends. Before Andrew can play, his parents
tell him that he has to clean his room, which he hates to do. Requiring Andrew to
clean his room before he can play baseball with his friends is an example of: -
ANSWER:premack principle
Which schedule of reinforcement produces high, steady rates of responding? -
ANSWER:variable ratio
The outcome of each response in the behavioral chain serves as the __________ for
the next behavior in the chain. - ANSWER:discriminative stimulus (Sd)
Brian is teaching his son to shoot a basketball. Initially, Brian lowers the backboard
and uses a smaller ball in order to make it more likely that his son will correctly shoot
the ball. This is an example of a(an) - ANSWER:within stimulus prompt
Matthew frequently hits other children during class. However, he never hits other
kids when he knows the teacher is observing him. This is an example of: -
ANSWER:reactivity
, Which of the following is NOT characteristic of an A-B design? - ANSWER:need to use
a true research design
Which strategy for promoting generalization involves teaching skills that will lead to
reinforcement in relevant situations in the natural environment? - ANSWER:training
skills that contact natural contingencies
Nicole's parents are trying to decrease the number of phone calls that she makes in a
day. If Nicole makes fewer than 5 calls in a day, she is allowed to have a friend over
the next day. In which DRL variation is the reinforcer delivered if the number of
responses that occur in a period of time is less than a specified level. - ANSWER:full
session DRL
In the past Greg shook a particular apple tree to get an apple to fall for him to eat.
Now when he shakes the tree no apples fall so he runs into the tree with his
shoulder to try and get an apple to fall. Running into the tree with his shoulder is an
example of: - ANSWER:extinction burst
Timmy swears whenever his mom makes broccoli for dinner. Timmy's mom always
sends him to his room without dinner when he swears. As a result, Timmy is more
likely to swear when his mom makes broccoli. This is an example of: -
ANSWER:negative reinforcement
Which of the possible temporal relationships between the neutral stimulus and the
unconditioned stimulus is least likely to be effective? - ANSWER:backward
conditioning
In order for prompting and fading to lead to stimulus control, the prompts must be
presented in the presence of: - ANSWER:discriminative stimulus
In shaping: - ANSWER:successive approximations of target behavior are reinforced
Differential reinforcement of each successive approximation involves: -
ANSWER:shaping
When you tell jokes and your friends laugh, you are more likely to tell jokes to your
friends. Your friends are __________ for telling jokes. - ANSWER:discriminative
stimuli
When Tommy's Mom asks him to stop playing video games he ignores her. When
she progressively asks him a second, third, and fourth time in a louder voice Tommy
continues to ignore her. By the fifth time, Tommy's Mom screams at him to stop
playing video games, and he finally stops. Eventually, Tommy's Mom has to yell at
him ten times before he quits playing video games. In this example, whose behavior
has been shaped? - ANSWER:mom
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