Test Bank for Environmental Economics, An Introduction: 2024 Release by Barry C. Field | Complete Chapters
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Environmental Economics
Test Bank for Environmental Economics, An Introduction: 2024 Release Evergreen Release by Barry C. Field, Martha K Field. Complete Chapters (Chapter 1 to 21) test bank are included with answers given after every chapter.
SECTION ONE: INTRODUCTION
1 What Is Environmental Economics?
2 The Ec...
TEST BANK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS, AN INTRODUCTION:
2024 RELEASE
COMPLETE CHAPTERS INCLUDED – CHAPTER 1 – 21
COMPLETE EXAM GUIDE – ANSWERS GIVEN AFTER EVERY CHAPTER
Chapter 01 2024 Release
1) A(n)________ in the economic world is something that leads people to channel their
production and consumption efforts in a specific direction.
A) moral obligation
B) economic incentive
C) property right
D) ethical motive
2) Any economic system will produce destructive environmental impacts if the________ within
the system are not structured to avoid them.
A) ethics
B) prices
C) property rights
D) incentives
3) An economy that has the ability to allow the level of people's well-being to rise or at least
remain constant over time is________.
A) sustainable
B) equitable
C) self-perpetuating
D) efficient
1
,4) People make the decision to pollute or not based on________.
A) incentives
B) social institutions
C) economic institutions
D) All of the choices are correct.
5) _______ organizations are more likely to respond to incentives that encourage pollution.
A) For profit
B) Not for profit
C) Government
D) All organizations are equally likely polluters.
6) Positive economics is the study of________.
A) what will be
B) what is
C) beneficial economic outcomes
D) economic outcomes that are most likely
7) ________ would include a study of what the economic penalties for water pollution should
be.
A) Normative economics
B) Legal economics
C) Judicial economics
D) Market economics
8) _______ organizations are more likely to respond to incentives that discourage pollution.
A) For profit
B) Not for profit
C) Government
D) All of the choices are correct.
2
,9) The economic approach to issues of the environment can be directly contrasted with
the________, while the former relies on analytic models and incentives to explain
environmental quality the latter interprets environmental degradation as a result of_______.
A) analytic approach; negative externality
B) direct approach; indirect policy
C) moral approach; unethical behavior
D) positive approach; opportunity cost
10) The total costs of environmental pollution include
A) expenditures of private businesses to comply with regulations
B) damage costs of pollution suffered by the exposed population
C) costs that government agencies incur in planning and enforcement of regulations
D) All of the choices are correct.
11) The technical name for the PAYT (pay as you throw) waste disposal program implemented
in southern Maine communities, that charged a set price for each bag of trash is________.
A) municipal incentive
B) ineffective policy
C) flat fee
D) unit pricing
12) Command and control policies refer to
A) communist government approaches to pollution control.
B) regulations and laws that directly/indirectly specify pollution control technology.
C) tax and spend pollution policy.
D) regulation of pollution by the US military.
13) Examples of incentive-based programs include all but______________.
A) emissions charges
B) emissions taxes
C) command and control programs
D) market-based trading programs
3
, 14) Perverse incentives________.
A) are financial incentives aimed at minors
B) are incentives that only affect those who do not pollute
C) are flat fee incentives that disproportionately affect the poor
D) work against the overall objectives of a policy
15) Which of the following environmental policy issues would be considered a macroeconomic
concern?
A) potential tradeoffs between environmental protection and GDP growth
B) wage rates in envirotech industries
C) federal policy that regulates the oil industry
D) federal policy that regulates the energy industry
16) Environmental policies have triggered all of the following macroeconomic concerns except
A) stricter environmental policies retard economic growth.
B) stricter environmental policies are associated with socialism.
C) stricter environmental policies reduce employment.
D) higher economic growth rates are associated with environmental degradation.
17) While the private sector may judge the effectiveness of environmental policy through the
analysis of its effect on their________, the public sector judges the impact of environmental
policy through________ .
A) employees; elections
B) benefit-cost analysis; non-profit statement
C) advertising; congress
D) profit-and-loss statement; benefit-cost analysis
18) Benefit-cost studies are often associated with political struggles, with environmental groups
typically emphasizing
A) democratic principles.
B) the benefits of environmental programs and policies.
C) the reduced costs associated with environmental programs and policies.
D) the electability of politicians who are pro-environment.
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