CRA Exam 4 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Significance of the 1980 "refugee act" regarding connection to the United Nations - ANSWERS•The 1980 act allowed for a more flexible total cap of 50,000 refugees from wherever they might come in the world to be counted separately, outside the national...
Significance of the 1980 "refugee act" regarding connection to the United Nations - ANSWERS•The 1980
act allowed for a more flexible total cap of 50,000 refugees from wherever they might come in the world
to be counted separately, outside the national quotas
• It also adopted the United Nations' definition of a refugee as a person who had a "well-founded fear of
persecution" on account of race, religion, nationality or membership in a social movement or political
group.
Characteristics of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act - ANSWERS-It tried to stop employers,
except employers of seasonal agricultural laborers, from hiring immigrants who lacked papers
-It provided punishments for those nonagricultural employers who hired any further unauthorized
migrants in the future
-Provided amnesty for 3 million current undocumented migrants and set them on a path to citizenship,
with temporary resident status to be followed by the possibility of permanent residency
Financial statistics regarding the proposed construction of a fence along the Mexican border - ANSWERS-
It authorized construction of a $12 million fence in the three tiers (the first was already in place) along
fourteen miles of the U.S. Mexico border near San Diego and exempted that fence for endangered
species and environmental protection laws. It increased the number of Border Patrol agents by 1000 a
year for following 5 years, also
Reason why the notion of "Chicano Power" was considered a new step for Americans of Mexican descent
- ANSWERSSince the 1930s, middle-class reformers had led the community and pursued a self-help
strategy of asserting that Mexican Americans were white people and on that basis were entitled to full
undifferentiated status as citizens. Now, these working-class youngsters were saying they were Brown,
proud of it, and united in their determination to overturn the racial system that plagued them. And they
were using a new word, "Chicano," to mark their identity.
Feelings of the Filipino and Chinese Americans toward Japanese Americans during World War II -
ANSWERSDuring World War II, most Filipino and Chinese Americans very much disliked Japanese
Americans for reasons having to do with the actions of their ancestral homelands' governments and
armies during that war.
, Time period in which Asian Americans first went to college in large numbers - ANSWERS1960s
Significance of the "Third World Student Strike" in 1968 and 1969 - ANSWERS-At San Francisco State
-Demanded specific programs of study oriented to blacks, Asians, American Indians, and Chicanos. The
strike was quickly copied by students at Berkeley, the University of Washington, and other schools.
Element which led Asian Americans to act as one - ANSWERSSometimes common racialized experiences
led Asian Americans to react together as one. A marker for Asian American pan-ethnic community
formation was the murder of Vincent Chin.
Location of the founding of the American Indian Movement (AIM) - ANSWERSFounded in Minneapolis in
1968
Significance of the "energy tribes" - ANSWERSThirty-four so-called "energy tribes" lived on reservations
where one could find 50 percent of the potential uranium reserves, 30 percent of the coal west of the
Mississippi, and 20 percent of the natural gas and oil. Coal, gas, and oild were exploited by outside
companies throughout most of the twentieth century, and uranium from the dawn of the atomic age.
Areas where the promise of the civil rights movement went unfulfilled for African Americans - ANSWERS-
Segregation increased for the black working class in the 1980s
-Levels of crime and violence in neighborhoods where working-class African Americans had to live, also
increased
-As high as one in four black men was "in the system"
-Working class black people were incarcerated at high rates
-Black working families continued to suffer violence at the hands of many city police departments
Definition of "white ethnics"; characteristics of the groups labeled as such - ANSWERS-People who were
white but who, because of their class and ethnic origins, did not enjoy the same social standing as Anglo-
Americans
-They were Poles and Slovaks and Italians and other peoples whose ancestors came from Eastern and
Southern Europe
-Most of them were by that time members of the third generation
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