Biology: Unit 2 Macromolecules Test UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
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Macromolecules
Biology: Unit 2 Macromolecules Test
UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What does the term organic compound mean? - CORRECT ANSWER- contains carbon
What elements do all macromolecules have? - CORRECT ANSWER- Carbon, Oxygen,
Hydrogen (some have N & P in addition)
What are macro...
Biology: Unit 2 Macromolecules Test
UPDATED Actual Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What does the term organic compound mean? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔contains carbon
What elements do all macromolecules have? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Carbon, Oxygen,
Hydrogen (some have N & P in addition)
What are macromolecules used for? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔accomplishing all tasks
(such as regulating homeostasis, carrying out metabolism, etc)
What is a monomer? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔small unit that becomes part of a polymer
(allows for continuity & simplicity)
What is a polymer? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔unit made up of monomers
What is polymerization? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔reacting monomer molecules to form
polymer chains or 3D networks
What are the properties of macromolecules regarding their relationship with water? -
CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1) hydrophilic- love water
2) hydrophobic- hate water
What happens if the shape of a macromolecule changes? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔function changes
What is the common name for carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔sugar
What is the chemical name of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔saccharide
,All carbohydrates end in what? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔"ose"
What elements are included in carbohydrates, and what is the ratio? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔1C : 2H : 1O
A simple sugar/monosaccharide contains how many carbons? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔3
to 7
What is a pentose carbohydrate and what is a hexose carbohydrate? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Pentose- 5 carbon carbohydrates
Hexose- 6 carbon carbohydrates
What are three common hexose carbs and where are they found? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Glucose (blood sugar), galactose (milk), fructose (fruit sugar)
Also known as condensation reaction, what is the name of the reaction that forms
disaccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔dehydration synthesis (release of H2O)
What is the monomer/polymer of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔monomer:
monosaccharides
polynomer: di/polysaccharides
What are three common disaccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Glucose + Glucose =
Maltose (plant sugar)
Galactose + Glucose = Lactose (milk sugar)
Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose (table sugar)
What is a polysaccharide? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Long chains of glucose molecules
bonded together
What stored form of glucose do plants use? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔starch
, What stored form of glucose do animals use? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔glycogen (in liver)
How do glycogen and glucose relate with homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔As
glucose fills in blood, it is removed and stored in the liver as glycogen. When blood sugar
drops, the glycogen is broken down back into glucose and put back in the blood stream.
What polysaccharide do plants use for structure and how? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Cellulose - has many internal hydrogen bonds and thus is strong enough to be used as
*cell walls*
How is cellulose different from starch? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔cellulose used to build,
starch is used for storage
Describe the structure of cellulose? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔has up and down linkage of
glucose, and therefore can't be broken down (FIBER)
What polysaccharide do animals use similarly to cellulose? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔Chitin (ex: lobsters have exoskeleton made of chitin)
What is the only carb that includes Nitrogen and has more internal bonds? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔Chitin
How are starch, cellulose, and glycogen different? the same? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔All made of glucose
Different arrangement of glucose
What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1) quick
fuel/short term energy storage
2) structure/support
3) cell-cell recognition (communicate with each other)
What is the difference between mono-di and poly saccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔mono- 1 sugar (Ex. glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose)
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