CSC 105 midterm Questions and Answers
First mechanical computer and when
John Napier (Napier Bone) in 1617
4 basic processes of computers
Receive input
Process information
Produce output
Store information
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4 basic processes of computers receive input proce
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CSC 105 midterm Questions and
Answers
First mechanical computer and when - answer John Napier (Napier Bone) in 1617
4 basic processes of computers - answer Receive input
Process information
Produce output
Store information
WWII - answer The period in human history when electronic computers were first
developed
Memory - answer Temporary
Storage - answer Permanent
Modern computers two mainstreams of evolution - answer Mechanization of
arithmetic (calculating machines - hardware)
Concept of stored programs (process control - software)
The abacus - answer Unknown origin
Used by the Chinese 3 to 4 thousand years ago
Pascal's Adder (Blaise Pascal) - answer 1642
1st mechanized adding machine
gears and wheels
add and subtract, calculate taxes
inaccurate
Liebniz Calculator (Gottfried WIlhelm von Liebniz) - answer similar to Pascal's design
add, subtract, multiply divide
more reliable and accurate
still inaccurate
he also invented calculus
Jacquard's Loom (Joseph Marie Jacquard) - answer 1800
weaving loom
metal punch cards to position threads for the weaving process
within the decade, 11,000 used in France
may have been 1st case of unemployment caused by automation
Herman Hollerith - answer 1860-1929
, machine that used electric charges to read into off of punch cards
started his own company in 1896
in 1924 that company became International Business Machines Corporation or IBM
Difference Engine - answer 1822-33
Charles Babbage
abandoned, wasn't precise
Analytical Engine - answer 1830-71
Charles Babbage
designed but never completed, ahead of its time
mill - arithmetic computations
store - store data and results
operation cards - program instructions
variable cards - select memory location for ops
output - printer or punch cards
Konrad Zuse, John Atanasoff, Howard Aiken, John Mauchly & J. Presper Eckert -
answer The scientists and mathematicians who designed and built the first real
computers
Konrad Zuse - answer In 1939, Zuse built the first programable general purpose
digital computer
computer was bombed in the bombing of Berlin
his computer was built from electric relays to automate engineering calculations
"I was too lazy to calculate and so I invented the computer"
Alan Turing - answer Influenced the group responsible for building the Colossus
a member of the team which broke the Enigma code used by Nazi Germany in WWII
the "Grandfather of computer science"
ABC 1939 - 1942 - answer One of the first computers
John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
small scale - 300 vacuum tubes
Mark I - 1944 - answer Electromechanical computer
Howard Aiken
first real analytical engine
based on relays
Von Neumann Architecture 1945 - answer Developed stored program concept
- both programs and data stored in same memory
modern computers said to use this
worked on the ENIAC doing Atomic bomb simulations
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