NAPLEX Renal Disease Exam Questions and Answers A+ Grade
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What are the most common causes of CKD - ANSWER-Diabetes and Hypertension
Patients with CKD have a higher risk of what? - ANSWER-Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality
Where is the Glomurelus located? - ANSWER-Bowmans Capsule
Albumin in the urine can be used to gauge what? - ANSWER-The sev...
NAPLEX Renal Disease Exam Questions and
Answers A+ Grade
What are the most common causes of CKD - ANSWER-Diabetes and Hypertension
Patients with CKD have a higher risk of what? - ANSWER-Cardiovascular Morbidity and
Mortality
Where is the Glomurelus located? - ANSWER-Bowmans Capsule
Albumin in the urine can be used to gauge what? - ANSWER-The seventy of kidney
damange in patient with kidney disease or nephropathy
What should not pass through the glomurelus; - ANSWER-Large protein compounds,
and drugs bound to albumin.
Controllng the concentration of water and Sodium is a function of which unit in the
kidney - ANSWER-Nephron.
Where are large amounts of water reabsorbed? - ANSWER-Proximal Tubule.
How does the nephron regulate pH - ANSWER-It is regulated by exchange of hydrogen
ions and bicarbonate ions.
What are part of the LOOP of Henle is permeable to water - ANSWER-Descending
Loop.
T/F Sodium and Chloride have permeable channels in the ascending limb - ANSWER-
True.
If ADH is present what occurs? - ANSWER-More water is reabsorbed and Urine
becomes more concentration.
What is the mechanism of action for Loop Diuretics. - ANSWER-Inhibit the Na K pump
in the ascending limb of the loop of henle
Loop Diuretics work on the descending limb of hence (T/F - ANSWER-False.
What can occur if loop diuretics are used long term? - ANSWER-Hypocalcemia.
Why does Hypocalcemia occur in Loop Diuretics. - ANSWER-Loop Diuretics alter the
electrical gradient and cause a decrease in calcium.
, Where is 25% of sodium reabsorbed? - ANSWER-Ascending Limb.
What is the mechanism of Action for Thiazide diuretics? - ANSWER-Inhibit the Na Cl
pump in the distal tubule.
Why are thiazides weaker diuretics then LOOPS. - ANSWER-Because their
mechanisms of action are different and LOOPs work in the area more sodium is
reabsorbed.
Thiazide have a negative impact on bone. - ANSWER-False. They have a positive
impact on bone.
What two hormones influence the collecting ducts? - ANSWER-Aldosterone, ADH
What is the mechanism of action for Aldosterone? - ANSWER-Increase Sodium and
water retention and decrease K.
What is the MOA for Aldosterone Antagonists? - ANSWER-Inhibit sodium and water
reabsorption.
What is a side effect aldosterone Antaganists? - ANSWER-Hyperkalemia.
BUN increases when the kidney is impaired and is used independently to measure GFR
- ANSWER-False.
What is Creatinine? - ANSWER-A waste product of muscle metabolism
What waste product is used to estimate GFR - ANSWER-Creatinine.
As renal function decreases creatinine concentration incases. - ANSWER-True.
What are some drawbacks for using creatinine GFR - ANSWER-Doesn't take into
account for muscle mass, obesity or pregnancy
What is a normal serum creatinine levels. - ANSWER-0.6-1.3
Where is the Cockcroft Gault Formula fail? - ANSWER-Young children, end stage renal
disease, fluctuating rena function.
How can drugs be adjusted to account renal failure? - ANSWER-Decrease the dose, or
decrease the frequency.
How are Beta Lactams dosed. - ANSWER-Based on time above the MIC.
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