CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 1 Reading Language and Literature
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CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 1 Reading
Language and Literature
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION - answerAlmost every human child succeeds in learning
language. The most complex skill that a human being will ever master. Nearly all people succeed
in learning this complex skill demonstrates how well langua...
CSET Multiple Subjects Subtest 1 Reading
Language and Literature
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION - answer✔Almost every human child succeeds in learning
language. The most complex skill that a human being will ever master. Nearly all people succeed
in learning this complex skill demonstrates how well language has adapted to human nature.
Language is the complete expression of what it means to be human.
Basic Components of Human Language - answer✔1.Phonology
2.Semantics
3.Grammar:
4.Pragmatics:
5.Morphology:
6.Syntax:
phonology - answer✔The study of the sound system of a given language and the analysis and
classification of its phonemes.
Semantics - answer✔The system of meanings that are expressed by words and phrases. In order
to serve as a means of communication between people, words must have a shared or
conventional meaning. Picking out the correct meaning for each new word is a major learning
task for children.
Grammer - answer✔The system of rules by which words and phrases are arranged to make
meaningful statements. Children need to learn how to use the ordering of words to mark
grammatical functions such as subject or direct object.
Pragmatics - answer✔The field of study that emphasizes how language is used in specific
situations to accomplish goals
Morphology - answer✔The study of word formation and structure.
Syntax - answer✔The grammatical arrangement of words in sentences;the rules for combining
words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language,
Methods for Studying Language Acquisition - answer✔1. Recording and transcribing what
children say.
2. Researchers can HABITUATE
3. Children can be shown pictures of toys along with their name
Methods for Studying Language Acquision - answer✔4. Children can be asked to answer
questions,
5. repeat sentences
6. judgments about grammar.
Reasons for Studying Language Acquisition - answer✔Having obtained a set of data from
children or their parents, researchers next need to group these data into measures of particular
types of language skills, such as vocabulary, sentences, concepts, or conversational
abilities.
What is Language? - answer✔Language is the human capacity for acquiring and using complex
systems of communication.
Linguistics - answer✔The scientific study of language is called linguistics.
How Many Language are there? - answer✔Number of languages and dialects. estimates vary
between around 6,000 and 7,000 languages
What does Human Language Rely on? - answer✔social convention and learning.
How did Language originate? - answer✔Language is thought to have originated when early
hominins first started cooperating, gradually changing their primate communication systems as
they acquired the ability to form a theory of other minds and shared intentionality.The use of
language is deeply entrenched in human culture.
Where is Language processed in the brain? - answer✔Language is processed in many different
locations in the human brain, but especially in Broca's and Wernicke's areas.
How do humans acquire language? - answer✔Humans acquire language through social
interaction in early childhood. Children generally speak fluently when they are around three
years old.
What are the social and cultural uses of Language? - answer✔Signifying group identity, social
stratification, as well as for social grooming and entertainment.
Semiosis - answer✔To relate signs with particular meanings. Languages rely on the process of
semiosis.
How are languages Systematic? - answer✔All languages have systems.
Phonological system - answer✔Governs how symbols are used to form sequences known as
words or morphemes.
Universality of Linguistic Structures or Languages - answer✔All languages are systemic
All languages are conventional
All languages are redundant.
All languages change.
How are languages Conventional? - answer✔It means that everyone speaks the language the
same way. All of a certain item has one name.
How are languages Redundant? - answer✔It means that all languages say the same things twice
(e.g. subject-verb agreement.)
How do languages Change? - answer✔Languages never stay the same. New words are added,
their is a loss of words, or both.
Syntactic System - answer✔A system of rules and structures which governs how words and
morphemes are combined to form phrases and utterances.
Potential For Differences among Languages - answer✔Languages evolve and diversify over
time, and the history of their evolution can be reconstructed by comparing modern languages to
determine which traits their ancestral languages must have had for the later stages to have
occurred.
What is a Language Family? - answer✔A group of languages that descend from a common
ancestor is known as a language family.
olondo European Language Family - answer✔English, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian and Hindi.
Sino-Tibetan language Family - answer✔Mandarin Chinese, Cantonese and many others
Semitic language Family - answer✔Arabic, Amharic and Hebrew
oBantu language Family - answer✔which include Swahili, Zulu, Shona and hundreds of other
languages spoken throughout Africa.
What are the properties of Human Language - answer✔Human language has the properties of
productivity, recursivity, and displacement.
First Language Acquisition - answer✔BABBLING (0.6-1.0, ma-ma-ma), 1 word
HOLOPHRASES(1.0-2.0, baba, ka), 2 word UTTERANCES(2.0-2.6), TELEGRAPHIC 3-9
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