OFFICIAL AMFTRB EXAM 4! QUESTIONS WITH REVISED AND UPDATED ANSWERS
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OFFICIAL AMFTRB
OFFICIAL AMFTRB EXAM 4! QUESTIONS WITH REVISED AND UPDATED ANSWERS
Hint:American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA) until 1983
A male client who hates his job is trying desperately to be the perfect father, husband, and family man. This phenomenon is best described as - Answer-the compe...
OFFICIAL AMFTRB EXAM 4!
QUESTIONS WITH REVISED AND
UPDATED ANSWERS
Hint:American Personnel and Guidance Association (APGA) until 1983
A male client who hates his job is trying desperately to be the perfect father, husband,
and family man. This phenomenon is best described as - Answer-the compensatory
effect.
recency effect - Answer-tendency to remember words at the end of a list especially well
when a rater's judgment of an employee reflects primarily his or her most recent
performance.
A client who likes her flower-arranging job begins doing flower arranging in her spare
time on weekends and after work. This phenomenon is best described as - Answer-
spillover
Nathan Ackerman - Answer-Pioneer in the assessment and treatment of families and
the first to integrate the psychoanalytic approach with a systems approach in assessing
and treating families
Carl Whitaker - Answer-Experiential Family Therapy
Murray Bowen - Answer-He is a psychiatrist known for having developed the Family
systems theory from the 1950's onwards. It generally argues that people can only be
understood from the viewpoint of their relationships with others, as part of a social
system. They cannot be understood in isolation, cut-off from their relations with family
members and others with whom they interact. In this theory, the concept of self-
differentiation, which is to be opposed to the psychoanalytic concept of fusion, is core.
Self-differentiation refers to the ability to simultaneously maintain one's individuality and
identity while relating to others.
Salvador Minuchin - Answer-Structural Family Therapy: uses joining, enactment,
boundary making, and mimesis techniques
Frederick Thorne - Answer-An early proponent of eclectic counseling & psychotherapy
integration
,Gerald Caplan - Answer-Father of psychodynamic mental health consultation; divided
counseling groups into 3 types - primary or guidance, secondary or counseling, and
tertiary or therapy.
Crisis theory
Jay Haley and Cloe Madanes - Answer-Strategic family therapy approach advocates.
Power and control characterize relationships in families, and symptoms are attempts at
controlling a relationship. Strategist therapy techniques are often direct suggestions or
assignments. Assignment of paradoxical tasks often occurs.
Erik Erikson - Answer-1902-1994; Field: neo-Freudian, humanistic; Contributions:
created an 8-stage theory to show how people evolve through the life span. Each stage
is marked by a psychological crisis that involves confronting "Who am I?"
Milton Erikson (1901-1980) - Answer-Brief Family Therapy; hypnosis
Don Jackson - Answer--1959
-Introduced Conjoint Therapy, where spouses were seen together.
Internal Family Systems - Answer-EXPERIENTIAL Theory A model of family therapy
that uses systemic principles and techniques to understand and change intrapsychic
processes, developed by Richard Schwartz
Steven de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg - Answer-Solution Focused Brief Therapy
(SFBT)
Paul Watzlawick, Janet Beavin, Don Jackson - Answer-"""Pragmatics of
Communication""
-- Describe all behavior as a type of communication and categorize all interactions as
either symmetrical (egalitarian) or complementary (opposite in some way)"
Yalom's Therapeutic Factors - Answer-- Universality
- Instillation of hope
- Imparting of information
- Altruism
- Corrective repeat of the family of origin
- Development of social skills
- Imitative behavior
- Interpersonal learning
- Group cohesiveness
- Catharsis
- Learning to accept painful aspects of life
Anne Roe - Answer-Psychoanalytic Career Theory
, postulated that jobs can compensate for unmet childhood needs/unconscious needs;
career choice based heavily on personality theory (as well as Brill); psychoanalytic,
draws on Maslow's hierarchy of needs (lower order needs take precedence over higher
order needs); support for theory comes from the Rorschach and the TAT; early child
rearing practices influence later career choices; genetics help to determine intelligence
and education, and influences one's career choice; career choice influenced by
genetics, parent-child interaction, unconscious motivators, current needs, interests,
education, and intelligence
Frank Parsons--Father of Vocational Guidance - Answer-Wrote the book Choosing a
Vocation
Mark Savickas - Answer-Theorist: Postmodern approach called "social
constructionism". Counselor is NOT the expert. Narrative approach = stories/meanings
provided by clients.
John Gottman's Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse - Answer-1. Criticism
2. Defensiveness
3. Contempt
4. Withdrawing
John Holland - Answer-career - personality approach (RIASEC - realistic, investigative,
artistic, social, enterprising, conventional)
Linda S. Gottfredson - Answer-emphasized circumscription (the process of narrowing
the acceptable alternatives) and compromise (realization that the client will not be able
to implement their most preferred choices). The client adjusts aspirations to
accommodate
such things as hiring practices, family obligations, or educational programs. People
sacrifice interests rather than sex-type or prestige. Theory created in the early 1980s.
Eli Ginzberg - Answer-developmental career theorist; research found that occupational
choice takes place over a 6-10 year period, the choice is irreversible, and always has
the quality of compromise; theory postulated three stages: fantasy, tentative, and
realistic; exploration leads to crystallization
By 1972 (about 20 yrs after the creation of his theory), he modified his position by
stating that the process of choice is open-ended and lifelong. This, of course, refuted
the notion of irreversibility. He also replaced compromise with the concept of
optimization.
-Now believes in a developmental model of career choice which asserts career choice
decisions are made throughout the lifespan and career choice is reversible.
John Krumboltz - Answer-Developed social learning approach to career choice based
on work of behaviorist Albert Bandura.
Believed career decision-making is a skill that can be LEARNED.
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