CVRN-BC EXAM 2024 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT
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CVRN-BC EXAM 2024 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT
Side effect of amlodipine, cardizem, lyrica - peripheral edema
xanthoma - fatty streaking visible just under the skin under eyes, indicates HLD
corneal arcus - grayish ring around the eyes, indicates HLD
Normal CVP ...
CVRN-BC EXAM 2024 | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT
Side effect of amlodipine, cardizem, lyrica - peripheral edema
xanthoma - fatty streaking visible just under the skin under eyes, indicates HLD
corneal arcus - grayish ring around the eyes, indicates HLD
Normal CVP - 5-10
JVD above 5 cm can indicate - right ventricular failure (RVF)
cardiac tamponade
constrictive pericarditis
SVC obstruction
inreased intrathoracic pressure (PEEP, cough)
Normal pulse pressure - 40
widened pulse pressure at rest can indicate - increased cardiovascular risk
What is the most common cause of narrow (low) pulse pressure? - a drop in left
ventricular stroke volume
How does trauma cause narrow pulse pressure? - Blood loss
If pulse pressure is extremely low (25 mmHg or less), what is the cause? - low stroke
volume such as HF or shock
Narrow pulse pressure causes not RT shock or HF - aortic valve stenosis, cardiac
tamponade
Name two meds that lower pulse pressure - ACE inhibitors, folic acid
What meds can raise pulse pressure - NSAIDS, steroids, birth control, SSRIs
,What is the Cushings triad - Bradycardia, elevated pulse pressure, irregular breathing
Causes of widened pulse pressure - Atherosclerosis
AV fistula
Chronic aortic regurgitation
Thyrotoxicosis
Fever
Anemia
A widened pulse pressure is an important risk factor for - heart disease
10 mmHg increase in pulse pressure increased risk of cardiovascular complications and
mortality by - 20%
Widened pulse pressure is a risk factor for what heart rhythm? - afib
How much folic acid is recommended to decrease pulse pressure? - 5 mg daily
How does folic acid reduce pulse pressure? - targets large artery stiffness and may
prevent isolated systolic HTN
ABI 0.9-1.0 - No obstruction
ABI 0.4-0.6 - Severe obstruction
ABI <0.4 - Ischemic
ABI > or = 1.3 - calcified vessels
ABI - Ankle Brachial Index
All Physicians Take Money - Aortic, Pulmonic, Tricuspid, Mitral valves
When do you hear the mitral and tricuspid valve closing? - S1
When do you hear S2? - aortic and pulmonic valves closing
S4 - heard in many adults, only heard in sinus rhythms
Split S2 - delay in pulmonic valve closure
When is split S2 heard? - ASD or AVD, RBBB, Pulm HTN, Pulm stenosis
S3 is normal in - children, young adults and in the third trimester
, Is S3 abnormal in older people1/ - Yes
Atrial Gallop is AKA - S4
When do you hear S4 Atrial Gallop? - During atrial contraction, just before S1, late
phase of ventricular filling
hear in:
MI or ischemia
systemic and pulm HTN
Aortic or pulmonary stenosis
ventricular failure
What is a summation gallop? - when both S3 and S4 sounds are heard = severe heart
failure, tachycardias
Side effect of amlodipine, cardizem, lyrica - peripheral edema
xanthoma - fatty streaking visible just under the skin under eyes, indicates HLD
corneal arcus - grayish ring around the eyes, indicates HLD
Normal CVP - 5-10
JVD above 5 cm can indicate - right ventricular failure (RVF)
cardiac tamponade
constrictive pericarditis
SVC obstruction
inreased intrathoracic pressure (PEEP, cough)
Normal pulse pressure - 40
widened pulse pressure at rest can indicate - increased cardiovascular risk
What is the most common cause of narrow (low) pulse pressure? - a drop in left
ventricular stroke volume
How does trauma cause narrow pulse pressure? - Blood loss
If pulse pressure is extremely low (25 mmHg or less), what is the cause? - low stroke
volume such as HF or shock
Narrow pulse pressure causes not RT shock or HF - aortic valve stenosis, cardiac
tamponade
Name two meds that lower pulse pressure - ACE inhibitors, folic acid
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