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Exam 3 Language and Phonological Disorders questions and answers with verified solutions 100% correct!!!
Exam 3 Language and Phonological Disorders questions and answers with verified solutions 100% correct!!!
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Exam 3 Language and PhonologicalDisorders questions and answers with
verified solutions 100% correct!!!
What characteristics are common to all students with autism spectrum disorder
(ASD)? What behaviors are associated with low-functioning autism? What
behaviors are associated with high-functioning autism? - ANSWERS✔✔- (1)
Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across contexts,
(2) restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities, (3) symptoms
must be present in early childhood, and (4) symptoms together limit and impair
everyday functioning.
- LFA: Nonverbal, extremely limited verbal communication. Hand leading.
Children are likely to not respond to their name, not point at objects or respond to
adults questions, will use presymbolic techniques to gain attention like pulling on
adults sleeves, does not imitate motor movements, does not engage in pretend or
imaginative play.
- HFA: Verbal, acheive normal language milestones during preschool years, odd
communication patterns (odd prosody and intonation, rapid rate, loud volume,
limited use of facial expression or gestures, use of unusual phrases and vocabulary,
one-sided or disorganized conversational style). Difficulty with peer relationships.
Aggressive or disruptive behavior.
What evidence supports ASD as disorder likely to have multiple etiologies? -
ANSWERS✔✔Genetic research suggests that a single major gene linked to ASD
is unlikely. Likewise, research supports the theory that environmental factors and
genetic factors both play a role, and sometimes, both at the same time play a role.
How do fundamental skills related to cognitive constructivist theory impact the
intervention of children with ASD? - ANSWERS✔✔Children with ASD are likely
to develop sensorimotor skills related to objects (object permanence and means-
,end) BUT have difficulty with the sensorimotor skills linked to social interaction
and awareness of others (imitation, symbolic play). RIT is used and joint attention
is a focus of intervention for these reasons.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the DSM 5 - ANSWERS✔✔Categorizes
individuals who:
(a) Have deficits in social communication and social interaction
AND
(b) Demonstrate restricted repetitive behaviors (RRBs), interests, and activities.
- Individuals with ASD must show symptoms from early childhood, even if those
symptoms are not recognized until later.
- Symptoms limit and impair everyday functioning.
Low functioning autism (LFA) - ANSWERS✔✔People with severe autism.
High functioning autism (HFA) - ANSWERS✔✔Communicate verbally but have
different communication patterns.
ASD umbrella - ANSWERS✔✔Autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder, childhood
disintegrative disorder, or the catchall diagnosis of pervasive developmental
disorder not otherwise specified.
Autism and Language Impairment (LI) - ANSWERS✔✔Language component is
downplayed in the new ASD criteria. Advocation for language goals to be included
in ASD intervention plans.
, - Clinicians must ensure individuals with ASD who have a language impairment
receive a diagnosis of BOTH language disorder (LI) and ASD.
Social (pragmatic) communication disorder - ANSWERS✔✔New category in
DSM-5.
- Individuals who have difficulties with social skills but lack restricted or repetitive
patterns of behavior. ASD must be ruled out prior to this diagnosis.
Hand leading - ANSWERS✔✔Using another's body to communicate (e.g., moving
the mother's hand toward an object), often instead of pointing.
- Common in more severe autism.
Echolalia - ANSWERS✔✔Repetition or echoing of verbal utterances made by
another person.
- Immediate or delayed imitation.
Prevalence of Autism - ANSWERS✔✔- 1 out of 68 children.
- More common in males (1/42) than females (1/189). Males 5 times more likely to
have ASD.
- Largest increase was with Hispanic children.
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