health information system (HIS) correct answers- all components of computer systems
- networks
- data that systems create and capture through the use of software
networks correct answerscan be categorized as Intranets, which are internal to an organization, or Extranets, which are external and...
health information system (HIS) correct answers- all components of computer systems
- networks
- data that systems create and capture through the use of software
networks correct answerscan be categorized as Intranets, which are internal to an organization, or
Extranets, which are external and allow users to share info
systems in health care correct answers- standard office applications such as word processing,
spreadsheet management, and email and other administrative tools to enable collaboration
- budget systems to manage expenses and income
- cost accounting systems to model the profit (or loss) of key services/products
- billing and accounts receivable systems used to bill clients and customers for the goods or services of
the entity
historical uses of information technology correct answers- health care settings include hospitals,
physician practices, nursing homes, home health care, insurance companies
- mainly used for administrative support
- to support regulatory requirements such as those defined by JCAHO, CMS, and CAP
- opportunity to reduce costs and increase patient safety and treatment effectiveness has encouraged
use in more clinical settings
evolution of the automation of health care correct answers- Repetitive workloads lend themselves to
automation:
filling prescriptions, resulting
-laboratory tests, completing
radiology images
- Initial automation was in each clinical area and not 'hooked' together or integrated.
- Primary caregivers did not use computers as part of their daily routines.
,- Systems were too cumbersome and time consuming.
- Medical devices are more sophisticated
- Robotic use has increased
- Unification of medical devices and information systems
- Systems more prevalent in the clinical setting
- Health care managers will need to use these new systems in their daily routines
what is EMR? correct answers- an EMR is a computer application that includes:
- clinical data repository
- clinical decision support
- controlled medical vocabulary
- physician order entry
- pharmacy and clinical
documentation
- used across inpatient and outpatient areas
- used by all practitioners to document, monitor, and manage health care delivery
- legal record of care for a patient during their encounter at a care delivery organization (CDO)
electronic medical record analytical model (EMRAM) correct answers- Developed by industry association
of health care information technology (HIT) professionals: The Healthcare Information and Management
Systems Society (HIMSS).
- EMRAM: model to gauge hospital EMR adoption.
- Hospitals are scored in a national database.
- Stages 0 - 7 indicate progressively higher and more clinically sophisticated uses of HIT.
EMRAM Stages 0-1 correct answersvery basic automation of individual areas
EMRAM Stage 2 correct answersability to start bringing disparate data together
,EMRAM Stages 3-6 correct answersimplementation of advanced clinical systems
EMRAM Stage 7 correct answersability to share or exchange data with external entities
hospital EMR adoption correct answers- as of Q1, 2015, 56% of all US hospitals progressed past stage 4
- only 3.7% (197) of over 5467 hospitals have progressed to stage 7
- slow progress due to:
- high cost of systems
- slow development of data
standards
- user unfriendliness of systems
- patient lack of trust in the
ability of the industry to hold
their information secure
EMR or EHR? correct answers- electronic health record (EHR) is a broader term than EMR
- refers to total health of patient, including immunizations, allergies, medications, etc.
- data in EHR accessible to many, including patient and other health providers
physician EMR adoption correct answers- most patient care in the US occurs in physician offices
- of all care settings, they have the LEAST amount of automation due to the previously defined barriers to
adoption
- 96.4% hospitals have some form of an EMR; 62.8% of physician practices have EMR
barriers to adoption correct answers- cost of purchasing a system
- loss of productivity
- annual maintenance costs
- adequacy of training
- finding EHR to meet practice needs
, federal response correct answers- establishment of the Notice of Privacy Practice (NOPP)
- while influential on the development and enhancement of HIT, hasn't had any immediate impact to
increase adoption and reduce other barriers
- by 2009, adoption continued to be very slow
- rising health care costs led the Obama administration to intervene
- legislation = American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
- ARRA includes Health Information Technology (HITECH) Act to increase adoption through incentives for
hospitals and physicians (among other care providers)
meaningful use correct answers- concept of "meaningful use" criteria for EHRs focused on achieving five
health outcomes policy priorities
- improve quality, safety,
efficiency, and reduce health
disparities
- engage patients and families in
their health
- improve care coordination
- improve pop and public health
- ensure adequate privacy and
security of patient health
information
- providers expected to progress through three stages of development over the following five year period
- 2011-2012: stage 1 - data
capture and sharing
- 2014: stage 2 - advance clinical
processes
- 2016: stage 3 - improved
outcomes (healthIT, 2015)
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