General Anthropology Exam #1 Questions and Answers
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Anthropology
General Anthropology - Answer-The study of the whole human condition:
Past, present, and future
The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors
Uniquely comparative and holistic science
Adaptation - Answer-The processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses...
General Anthropology Exam #1
Questions and Answers
General Anthropology - Answer-The study of the whole human condition:
Past, present, and future
The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors
Uniquely comparative and holistic science
Adaptation - Answer-The processes by which organisms cope with environmental
forces and stresses
Subfields - Answer-Cultural, archaeology, biological, and linguistics
Cultural - Answer-The study of human society and culture
Describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and
differences
Ethnography - Answer-A highly descriptive account of a particular community, society,
or culture
Franz Boas - Answer-Cultures are not isolated
Populations construct their cultures in interaction with one another
Exposure to external forces
Ethnology - Answer-Examines, compares, analyzes, and interprets the results of
ethnography
Archaeology - Answer-Reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and
cultural patterns through material remains
Examination of artifacts found at historical sites where societies once lived
Material items that humans have made, used, or modified
Materials - Answer-Tools, weapons, campsites, buildings, and garbage
Paleoecology - Answer-Paleoecology- ecosystems of the past
Biological - Answer-Human biological diversity in time and space
Evolution, genetics, growth and development, plasticity, primates
Darwin - Answer-Variety within a polulation permits some to do better than others at
surviving and reproducing
Genetics and environment
Primatology - Answer-Study their biology, evolution, behavior, and social life
, Linguistics - Answer-Studies language in its social and cultural context, across space
and over time
Holistic science - Answer-Blend of the different perspectives: biological, social, cultural,
linguistic, historical, and contemporary
Applied anthropology - Answer-Academic and practice
The field of inquiry that connects anthropological knowledge with the uses of that
knowledge in the world beyond anthropology
Use the four subfields to identify, assess, and solve practical problems
Culture - Answer-Distinctive traditions and customs transmitted over the generations
through learning and through language
Enculturation - Answer-Process of learning one's culture through informal observation
and formal instruction
Tylor - Answer-British anthropologist
wrote Primitive Culture
Defined culture as: systems of human behavior and thought
Cultures obey natural laws and therefore can be studied scientifically
Geertz - Answer-symbolic meaning
Leslie White - Answer-originated with symbols
Agency - Answer-The actions individuals take in creating and transforming cultural
identities
Practice Theory - Answer-recognizes that individuals within a society or culture have
diverse motives and intentions and different degrees of power and influence
Ethnocentrism - Answer-Tendency to view one's own culture as superior and apply
one's own ;cultural values in judging the behavior and the beliefs of people raised in
other cultures
Cultural relativism - Answer-The viewpoint that behavior in one culture should not be
judged by the standards of another culture
Globalization - Answer-A series of processes that work transnationally to promote
change in a world in which nations and people are increasingly interlinked and mutually
dependent
Rapport - Answer-A relationship of mutual trust or affinity
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