UVIC Psych 210 Exam 2 Questions And Well Elaborated Solutions
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UVIC Psych 210
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UVIC Psych 210
UVIC Psych 210 Exam 2 Questions And
Well Elaborated Solutions
Introspection by analogy - answers a technique for studying animal behavior by assuming that
the same mental processes that occur in the observer's mind also occur in the animal's mind
Law of Parsimony - answers Also called Llo...
UVIC Psych 210 Exam 2 Questions And
Well Elaborated Solutions
Introspection by analogy - answers a technique for studying animal behavior by assuming that
the same mental processes that occur in the observer's mind also occur in the animal's mind
Law of Parsimony - answers Also called Lloyd Morgan's canon. The notion that animal
behavior must not be attributed to a higher mental process when it can be explained in terms of a
lower mental process.
Functionalism - answers a system of psychology concerned with the mind as it is used in an
organisms adaptation to its environment
Darwin's theory of evolution - answers -mechanism is natural selection
-3 elements:
1. The occurrence of random variation
2. The struggle for survival
3. The survival of the fittest
Darwin's ideas altered subject matter and methods of psychology - answers 1.) Focus on
animalpsychology
2.) Focus on the functions of consciousness
3.) Acceptance of new methodologies & data
4.) Focus on individual differences
Galton's research on Hereditary Genous - answers -intelligence=sensory acuity
-individual greatness occurs within families
-conducted biographical studies
-found support
-led to formation of science of eugenics
-improving inherited qualities of the human race through selective breeding
How did Galton test for intelligence? - answers -matter of "sensory acuity"
-higher intelligence, higher level of sensory functioning
Invented apparatus to assess sensory acuity and motor skills quickly and accurately from large
numbers of people
Galton developed - answers correlation
, Mental ladder - answers array of the various animal species in the order of the degree of their
mental functioning
Social darwinism - answers applying the theory of evolution to human nature and society
-evolutionary principles applied to societies
-"survival of the fittest"
-if no intervention, human perfection is inevitable
Synthetic philisophy - answers Herbert Spencer's idea that knowledge and experience can be
explained in terms of evolutionary principles
Why was the USA so receptive to Spencer's idea about social darwinism? - answers american
zeitgeist
-individualistic spirit
-capitalistic, practical, useful, functional
Why was James so popular? - answers 1. His writing style
2. Congruent with American zeitgeist
James' idea - answers -conscious experiences are simply what they are
-"psychologists' fallacy"
-elements exist independently of trained observer
Characteristics of consciousness (James) - answers 1. Personal
2. Dynamic
3. Continuous
4. Selective
5. Functional
What methods did James consider appropriate for the study of consciousness? - answers
introspection- must accept as basic method
Experimental method
Comparative method
Contributions of functionalism - answers -shift in emphasis from structure to function
-immediate impact on US psychology
-zeitgeist
-biggest contribution: application
-broadened subject matter & methodology
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