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AAMC 3 Bio/bio Questions and Answers 2025/2026 with complete Solutions

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AAMC 3 Bio/bio

Assume that a certain species with sex chromosomes R and S exists such that RR individuals develop as males and RS individuals develop as females. Which of the following mechanisms would most likely compensate for the potential imbalance of sexchromosome gene products between males and females of...

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AAMC 3 Bio/bio
Assume that a certain species with sex chromosomes R and S exists such that RR
individuals develop as males and RS individuals develop as females. Which of the
following mechanisms would most likely compensate for the potential imbalance of sex-
chromosome gene products between males and females of this species? - ✔️✔️-
inactivation of one R chromosome in males
because males of the species have two copies of the R chromosome, whereas females
have one R chromosome and one S chromosome. Therefore, in order to compensate
for a potential imbalance of sex chromosomes between females and males, one R
chromosome should be inactivated in males.

Individual M has longer limbs and muscles than Individual N. Both individuals lift the
same amount of weight from the ground to their shoulders an equal number of times. If
all repetitions were completed in synchrony, which statement about the amount of work
completed by the individuals is true? At the end of the workout: - ✔️✔️Individual N will
have done less work because the object was moved a shorter distance.
- W= Fd
- N has shorter limbs so they will perform less work
- easy

What are the relative potentials for force and power generation by a slow-twitch muscle
fiber and a fast-twitch muscle fiber of the same diameter? - ✔️✔️The fast-twitch fiber is
capable of generating more power than the slow-twitch fiber, while the potential for force
generation is the same.
- similarly sized fibers would generate similar force, regardless of fiber type
- easy

Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur in a muscle fiber that is metabolizing
anaerobically? - ✔️✔️Phosphorylation of ADP within the electron transport chain
- lack of oxygen shuts down TCA and ETC~ easy

Assuming the duration of contraction is the same, which point on the power curve
corresponds to the LEAST amount of work being done by the muscle? - ✔️✔️point A
- work is the product of force applied over a distance an object is moved (or in this case,
a muscle contracts).
- read graph. Force and Velocity (distance) should be smallest in order for work to be
the least

According to the passage, relative to slow-twitch fibers, fast-twitch fibers are likely to
exhibit which property? - ✔️✔️- greater Ca2+ pumping capacity.
slow-twitch fibers are adapted for aerobic exercise which suggests they are likely,
relative to fast-twitch fibers, to have increased capillary density, larger numbers of

, mitochondria, and higher levels of oxygen-binding proteins. The names of the fibers
themselves give insight into their relative rates of contraction. Thus, it is unlikely that
slow-twitch fibers will have greater Ca2+-pumping capacity, than fast-twitch fibers.

Based on the information in the passage, what is the most likely mechanism of
inheritance for HPRCC? - ✔️✔️autosomal dominant
- must be inherited in a autosomal dominant pattern in order for individuals II-1 and II-2
to produce both affected and unaffected offspring.

Based on these results, the MET mutation is what type of mutation? - ✔️✔️pyrimidine
to pyrimidine
- shows it goes from T to C
- easy

What is the structure of the amino acid residue that is replaced at position 1112 as a
result of the MET mutation? - ✔️✔️MET mutation causes a histidine residue to be
replaced with an arginine residue at position 1112.

Which amino acid residue is involved in the bond that joins the α and β subunits of
HGF? - ✔️✔️C
- it says in the passage that the subunits are joined by a disulfide bond
- easy

which of the following animal pairs best illustrates the outcome of convergent evolution?
- ✔️✔️dolphin and shark
- convergent evolution is defined as a process whereby distantly related organisms
independently evolve similar traits to adapt to similar needs.

Kallman Syndrome is a disease in which gonadotropin-releasing hormone producing
neurons fail to migrate from the olfactory area to the hypothalamus during embryonic
development. Which endocrine axis is disrupted in individuals with Kallman Syndrome?
- ✔️✔️the reproductive axis
- gonadotropin releasing hormone regulates pituitary gonadotropin (LH and FSH)
secretion
-easy

Which statement correctly identifies an enzyme involved in DNA replication and
describes its primary function?c - ✔️✔️helicase catalyzes the separation of the parent
DNA strands at the origin of replication
- easy

Overexpression of cFLIP in other cell types will most likely result in: - ✔️✔️decreased
apoptosis in response to Fas ligand
- passage indicates that cFLIP, a structurally similar homolog of caspase-8 that lacks
catalytic activity, regulates Fas signaling through binding to FADD at the same site as

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