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JEN LEIK FNP Practice Questions and answers.
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JEN LEIK FNP Practice Questions and answers.
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JEN LEIK FNP Practice Questions andanswers
A |28-year-old |student |is |seen |in |the |school |health |clinic |with |complaints |of |a
|hacking |cough |that |is |productive |of |small |amounts |of |sputum |and |a |runny |nose.
|He |does |not |take |any |medications, |denies |any |allergies, |and |has |no |significant
|medical |history. |Physical |examination |reveals |a |low-grade |temperature |of |99.9
|degrees |Fahrenheit, |respirations |of |16/min, |a |pulse |of |90 |beats |per |minute, |and
|diffuse |fine |crackles |in |the |base |of |the |lungs. |A |chest |radiograph |(x-ray) |shows
|diffuse |infiltrates |on |the |lower |lobe |of |the |right |lung. |The |total |white |blood |cell
|count |is |10,500/uL. |What |is |the |most |likely |diagnosis?
A) |Streptococcal |pneumonia
B) |Mycoplasma |pneumonia
C) |Acute |bronchitis
D) |Legionnaires |disease |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |B) |Mycoplasma |pneumonia |
Mycoplasma |pneumonia |is |the |organism |most |commonly |seen |in |children |and
|young |adults. |It |is |easily |spread |from |droplets, |from |sneezing |and |coughing, |in
|close |proximity. |Diagnosis |is |based |on |symptoms |and |x-ray |results |of |infiltrates |in
|lower |lobes.
Which |of |the |following |antihypertensive |medications |has |beneficial |effects |for |an
|elderly |White |female |with |osteoporosis?
A) |Calcium |channel |blocker
B) |Angiotensin-converting |enzyme |(ACE) |inhibitor
C) |Beta-blocker
D) |Diuretic |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |A) |Calcium |channel |blocker |
Calcium |channel |blockers |act |by |blocking |the |cal- |cium |channels |in |the |heart
|muscle |and |the |blood |vessels, |thereby |keeping |more |calcium |in |the |bones.
,All |of |the |following |are |false |statements |regarding |acute |gastritis |except:
A) |Chronic |intake |of |nonsteroidal |anti-inflammatory |drugs |(NSAIDs) |can |cause |the
|disorder
B) |Chronic |lack |of |dietary |fiber |is |the |main |cause |of |the |disorder
C) |The |screening |test |for |the |disorder |is |the |barium |swallow |test
D) |The |gold |standard |to |evaluate |the |disorder |is |a |colonoscopy |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |C)
|The |screening |test |for |the |disorder |is |the |barium |swallow |test |
The |gold |standard |for |diagnosing |gastric |disease |is |biopsy |of |gastric |and/or
|duodenal |tissue |by |upper |endoscopy. |Chronic |use |of |NSAIDs |disrupts |the
|production |of |prostaglandins, |which |decreases |blood |supply |and |then |breaks |down
|the |protective |layer |of |the |mucosa, |which |leads |to |gastric |disease.
Epidemiologic |studies |show |that |Hashimoto's |disease |occurs |most |commonly |in:
A) |Middle-aged |to |older |women
B) |Smokers
C) |Obese |individuals
D) |Older |men |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |A) |Middle-aged |to |older |women |
Hashimoto's |disease |commonly |occurs |in |middle-aged |to |older |women.
A |63-year-old |patient |with |a |10-year |history |of |poorly |controlled |hypertension
|presents |with |a |cluster |of |physical |exam |findings. |Which |of |the |following |indicate
|target |organ |damage |commonly |seen |in |hypertensive |patients?
A) |Pedal |edema, |hepatomegaly, |and |enlarged |kidneys
B) |Hepatomegaly, |AV |nicking, |bibasilar |crackles
C) |Renal |infection, |S3, |neuromuscular |abnormalities
,D) |Glaucoma, |jugular |vein |atrophy, |heart |failure |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |B) |Hepatomegaly,
|AV |nicking, |bibasilar |crackles |
With |long-term, |uncontrolled |hypertension, |organ |damage |may |occur. |Organs
|commonly |affected |include: |brain |(stroke), |eyes |(retinopathy, |AV |nicking, |bleeding,
|blindness), |heart |(heart |dis- |ease, |left |ventricular |hypertrophy, |MI, |and/or |CHF),
|and |kidneys |(renal |failure, |proteinuria).
While |performing |a |Pap |smear |on |a |postmenopausal |patient, |several |areas |of |flat
|white |skin |lesions |that |are |irregularly |shaped |are |found |on |the |patient's |labia. |The
|patient |reports |that |the |lesions |are |extremely |itchy |and |have |been |present |for
|several |years |without |much |change. |Which |condition |is |best |described?
A) |Chronic |scabies |infection
B) |Lichen |sclerosus
C) |Chronic |candidal |vaginitis
D) |A |physiologic |variant |found |in |some |older |women |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |B) |Lichen
|sclerosus |
Lichen |sclerosus |is |a |disease |of |the |skin, |in |which |white |spots |appear |on |the |skin
|and |change |over |time. |It |is |most |commonly |seen |in |the |genital |and |rectal |areas,
|but |can |appear |in |other |areas. |The |spots |are |usually |shiny |and |smooth |and |can
|eventually |spread |into |patches. |The |skin |appears |thin |and |crinkled. |Then |the |skin
|tears |easily, |and |bright |red |or |purple |bruises |are |common. |Sometimes, |the |skin
|becomes |scarred. |If |the |disease |is |a |mild |case, |there |may |be |no |symptoms
The |heart |sound |S2 |is |caused |by:
A) |Closure |of |the |atrioventricular |valves
B) |Closure |of |the |semilunar |valves
C) |Opening |of |the |atrioventricular |valves
D) |Opening |of |the |semilunar |valves |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |B) |Closure |of |the |semilunar
|valves |
, The |heart |sound |S2 |is |caused |by |closure |of |the |semilunar |valves.
Jason, |an |8-year-old |with |type |1 |diabetes, |is |being |seen |for |a |3-day |history |of |fre-
|quency |and |nocturia. |He |denies |flank |pain |and |is |afebrile. |The |urinalysis |result |is
|negative |for |blood |and |nitrites |but |is |positive |for |a |large |amount |of |leukocytes |and
|ketones. |He |has |a |trace |amount |of |protein. |Which |of |the |following |is |the |best |test
|to |order |initially?
A) |Urine |for |culture |and |sensitivity
B) |24-hour |urine |for |protein |and |creatinine |clearance
C) |24-hour |urine |for |microalbumin
D) |An |intravenous |pyelogram |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |A) |Urine |for |culture |and |sensitivity |
An |8-year-old |male |patient |with |the |diagnosis |of |diabetes |has |a |high |risk |of |urinary
|tract |infections. |A |large |amount |of |leukocytes |in |the |urinalysis |is |abnormal |and |he
|has |been |having |symptoms |of |frequency |and |nocturia |for |the |past |3 |days. |The
|urine |culture |would |be |ordered |because |he |has |a |high |risk |of |infection. |The |urine
|culture |and |sensitivity |(C&S) |is |the |best |evaluation |for |diagnosing |a |urinary |tract
|infection.
The |best |test |for |diagnosing |congenital |glaucoma |is |which |of |the |following?
A) |Fluorescein |staining
B) |Tonometry
C) |Snellen |vision |exam
D) |The |refractive |index |- |ANSWERS✔✔ |B) |Tonometry |
A |tonometer |is |used |to |measure |the |intraocular |pressure |(IOP) |of |the |eye |to |screen
|for |glaucoma. |Normal |range |IOP |is |10-22 |mm |Hg.
All |of |the |following |are |false |statements |about |atopic |dermatitis |except:
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