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TEST BANK- Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care (7th Edition,) Joyce E. Dains||LATEST EDITION GUARANTEED PASS!! €20,50   In winkelwagen
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TEST BANK- Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care (7th Edition,) Joyce E. Dains||LATEST EDITION GUARANTEED PASS!!
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TEST BANK- Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care (7th Edition,) Joyce E. Dains||LATEST EDITION GUARANTEED PASS!!TEST BANK- Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care (7th Edition,) Joyce E. Dains||LATEST EDITION GUARANTEED PASS!!TEST BANK- Advanced H...

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  • 23 oktober 2024
  • 214
  • 2024/2025
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  • 9780323832069
  • health assessment
  • 7th edi
  • test bank advanced health assessment
  • assessment clinical diagnosis
  • clinical diagnosis in primary care 7th edition
  • clinical diagnosis in primary care
  • test bank

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Voorbeeld van de inhoud

lOMoARcPSD| 126


ki 567 ki 13

, lOMoARcPSD| 126


ki 567 ki 13




Chapter 1: Clinical Reasoning, Differential Diagnosis, Evidence-Based Practice, and Symptom
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




AnalysisMultiple Choice
ki ik ki


Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




ki 1. Which type of clinical decision-making is most reliable?
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick

ki 2. Which of the following is false? To obtain adequate history, health-care providers must be:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Methodical and systematic ki ki


B. Attentive to the patient‘s verbal and nonverbal ki ki ki ki ki ki


language
ki


C. Able to accurately interpret the patient‘s responses
ki ki ki ki ki ki


D. Adept at reading into the patient‘s statements
ki ki ki ki ki ki




ki 3. Essential parts of a health history include all of the following except:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Chief complaint ki


B. History of the present illness
ki ki ki ki


C. Current vital signs ki ki


D. All of the above are essential history
ki ki ki ki ki ki


components
ki




ki 4. Which of the following is false? While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Differentiate between normal and abnormal findings ki ki ki ki ki


B. Recall knowledge of a range of conditions and their associated signs and
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


symptoms
ki


C. Recognize how certain conditions affect the response to other conditions
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


D. Foresee unpredictable findings ki ki




ki 5. The following is the least reliable source of information for diagnostic statistics:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Evidence-based investigations ki


B. Primary reports of research ki ki ki


C. Estimation based on a provider‘s ki ki ki ki


experience
ki


D. Published meta-analyses ki




ki 6. The following can be used to assist in sound clinical decision-making:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Algorithm published in a peer-reviewed journal ki ki ki ki ki


article
ki


B. Clinical practice guidelines ki ki


C. Evidence-based research ki


D. All of the above
ki ki ki




ki 7. If a diagnostic study has high sensitivity, this indicates a:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. High percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


result
ki


B. Low percentage of persons with the given condition will have an abnormal
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


result
ki


C. Low likelihood of normal result in persons without a given condition
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


D. None of the above ki ki ki




ki 8. If a diagnostic study has high specificity, this indicates a:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Low percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


B. High percentage of healthy individuals will show a normal result
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


C. High percentage of individuals with a disorder will show a normal result
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


D. Low percentage of individuals with a disorder will show an abnormal
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


result
ki




ki 9. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a diagnostic test showing a:
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


A. Positive result is strongly associated with the disease
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


B. Negative result is strongly associated with absence of the
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


disease
ki


C. Positive result is weakly associated with the disease
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


D. Negative result is weakly associated with absence of the
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


disease
ki




ki 10. Which of the following clinical reasoning tools is defined as evidence-based resource based on mathematical modeling
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


to express the likelihood of a condition in select situations, settings, and/or patients?
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki

, lOMoARcPSD| 126


ki 567 ki 13




A. Clinical practice guideline ki ki


B. Clinical decision rule ki ki


C. Clinical algorithm ki



Chapter 1: Clinical reasoning, differential diagnosis, evidence-based practice, and symptom ana
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki



Answer Section
ki




MULTIPLE CHOICE ki




1. ANS: B
Croskerry (2009) describes two major types of clinical diagnostic decision-making: intuitive and analytical. Intuitive
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


decision- making (similar to Augenblink decision-making) is based on the experience and intuition of the clinician and
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


is less reliable andpaired with fairly common errors. In contrast, analytical decision-making is based on careful
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


consideration and has greater reliability with rare errors.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
2. ANS: D
To obtain adequate history, providers must be well organized, attentive to the patient‘s verbal and nonverbal language, and
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


ableto accurately interpret the patient‘s responses to questions. Rather than reading into the patient‘s statements, they
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


clarify any areas of uncertainty.
ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
3. ANS: C
Vital signs are part of the physical examination portion of patient assessment, not part of the health history.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
4. ANS: D
While performing the physical examination, the examiner must be able to differentiate between normal and abnormal
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


findings, recall knowledge of a range of conditions, including their associated signs and symptoms, recognize how certain
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


conditions affectthe response to other conditions, and distinguish the relevance of varied abnormal findings.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
5. ANS: C
Sources for diagnostic statistics include textbooks, primary reports of research, and published meta-analyses. Another
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


source of statistics, the one that has been most widely used and available for application to the reasoning process, is the
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


estimation based on a provider‘s experience, although these are rarely accurate. Over the past decade, the availability of
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


evidence on which to base clinical reasoning is improving, and there is an increasing expectation that clinical reasoning be
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


based on scientific evidence.
ki ki ki ki


Evidence-based statistics are also increasingly being used to develop resources to facilitate clinical decision-making.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
6. ANS: D
To assist in clinical decision-making, a number of evidence-based resources have been developed to assist the clinician.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


Resources, such as algorithms and clinical practice guidelines, assist in clinical reasoning when properly applied.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
7. ANS: A
The sensitivity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of individuals with the target condition who show an abnormal, or
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


positive,result. A high sensitivity indicates that a greater percentage of persons with the given condition will have an
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


abnormal result.
ki ki




PTS: 1
8. ANS: B
The specificity of a diagnostic study is the percentage of normal, healthy individuals who have a normal result. The
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


greater thespecificity, the greater the percentage of individuals who will have negative, or normal, results if they do
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


not have the target condition.
ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1
9. ANS: A
The likelihood ratio is the probability that a positive test result will be associated with a person who has the target
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


condition and anegative result will be associated with a healthy person. A likelihood ratio above 1 indicates that a
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


positive result is associated with the disease; a likelihood ratio less than 1 indicates that a negative result is associated with
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


an absence of the disease.
ki ki ki ki ki

, lOMoARcPSD| 126


ki 567 ki 13




PTS: 1
10. ANS: B
Clinical decision (or prediction) rules provide another support for clinical reasoning. Clinical decision rules are
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


evidence-basedresources that provide probabilistic statements regarding the likelihood that a condition exists if certain
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


variables are met with regard to the prognosis of patients with specific findings. Decision rules use mathematical
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki


models and are specific to certain situations, settings, and/or patient characteristics.
ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki ki




PTS: 1

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