PSY 310 Exam 1 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
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PSY 310
What is cognition? correct answers The collection of mental processes and activities used in perceiving, remembering, solving problems; our process of thinking and understanding
What is cognitive psychology? correct answers Psychology is the science of behavior (things we can see, measure, and r...
PSY 310 Exam 1 || Questions and 100% Accurate Answers.
What is cognition? correct answers The collection of mental processes and activities used in
perceiving, remembering, solving problems; our process of thinking and understanding
What is cognitive psychology? correct answers Psychology is the science of behavior (things we
can see, measure, and record) and mental processes (thoughts and feelings) and cognitive
psychology is concerned with not only what we are thinking, but why and how we are thinking
What are principle research areas of cognitive psychology? correct answers Human & AI,
Cognitive Neuroscience,
Sensation & Perception,
Pattern Recognition, Attention,
Consciousness, Memory,
Representation of Knowledge,
Imagery, Language,
Cognitive Development,
Thinking and Concept Formation
Careers in the field of cognitive psychology require what education and are often employed
where? correct answers Most careers involve a masters' or doctoral degree
Can be employed on academic and nonacademic settings;
Universities
Private sector
Gov't and private research center
What is psychophysics? correct answers Studies the relationship between the physical
characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and out psychological (subjective) experience of
them; Sensation
Psychophysicists (focus on the initial stages of information processing) vs
Cognitive Psychologists (Focus on all stages of information processing)
What is structuralism? correct answers An early school of psychology that used introspection to
explore the structural elements (smallest features/ "atoms") of the human mind;
Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psych lab in 1879, Edward Titchener popularized S in the US
What is functionalism? correct answers An early school of psychology that attempted to discover
the functions of the human mind; William James founded this as a critical response to
structuralism
and places an emphasis on mental processing rather than mental structure
What are the basic elements of consciousness according to Titchener? correct answers Sensations
Feelings
Images
, What is introspection in cognitive psychology? correct answers A key process of structuralism
by which a person looks inward at their own mental processes to gain insight into how they work
What is behaviorism? correct answers (Methodological behaviorism) Argues private events
(processes occurring inside the organism) are not accessible; we can't see what's going on inside
the mind, so we should study behavior instead;
John B Watson
BF Skinner didn't deny existence of cognition/cognitive science, but acknowledged we can't
study it so we have to study behavior instead
Methodological behaviorism vs radical behaviorism correct answers Methodological
behaviorism (Watson) state private events are not accessible; we can't see what's going on inside
the mind, so we should study behavior instead
Radical behaviorism (Skinner) state private events could be studied and eventually the
descriptions of private events become necessary
Ebbinghaus was known as the father of what? correct answers Study of Memory
What is the forgetting curve? correct answers Memory fades rapidly initially then slowly fades
and levels out, people forget in a curve like formation; Majority of words are forgotten after 20
minutes
Gestalt Principle of Similarity? correct answers We group objects similar in shape, size, some
feature
Gestalt Law of Continuation? correct answers We see things as a continuation or connection
rather than as separate entries; the human eye will follow the smoothest path when viewing lines
Gestalt Principle of Closure? correct answers Our minds mentally fill in gaps in an image to
close it
Gestalt Principle of Proximity? correct answers Objects that are close together tend to be
grouped together
Gestalt Figure/Ground Principle? correct answers The figure is any object that is perceived as
being highlighted, the ground is background, and the photo is not always clear
Gestalt Principle of Symmetry? correct answers We perceive objects that are symmetrically
arranged as wholes more often than those that aren't
What are some of the reasons for the failure of behaviorism? correct answers There were
problems with the S-R accounts because they couldn't account for why people respond when
there is no stimulus/reinforcement
How do communication systems serve as a model for how humans process information? correct
answers MESSAGE CHANNEL MESSAGE
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